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夫贵贱观乎八字，性情应乎五行。善、恶、仁、义、礼、智、信，心之所主；喜、怒、哀、乐、爱、恶、欲，性之所生。
东方震位木，号青龙，名曰曲直，五常主仁。其色青，其味酸，其性直，其情和。旺相主有博爱恻隐之心，慈祥恺悌之意；济物利人，恤孤念寡，直朴清高，行藏慷慨；丰姿秀丽，骨格修长，手足纤腻，口尖发美，面色青白，语句轩昂，此则木盛多仁之义。休囚主瘦长发少，拗性偏心，嫉妒不仁，此则木衰情寡之义也。死绝则眉眼不正，悭吝鄙啬，肌肉干燥，项长喉结，行坐不稳，身多欹侧。遇火色带赤，见土则色带黄，逢金则色带白，见水则色带黑。其余四行例见。
火属南方，名曰炎上，五常主礼。其色赤，其味苦，其性急，其性恭。旺相主有辞让端谨之风，恭敬谦和之义；威仪凛烈，淳朴尊崇；面貌上尖下阔，形体头小脚长，印堂窄而眉浓，鼻准露而耳小；精神闪烁，语言急速，性燥无毒，聪明有为。太过则声焦面赤，摇膝好动。不及则黄瘦尖楞，诡诈妒毒，言语妄诞，有始无终。
土属中央，名曰稼穑，五常主信，其色黄，其味甘，其性重，其情厚。旺相主言行相顾，忠孝至诚，好敬神佛，不爽欺信；背圆腰阔，鼻大口方，眉清目秀，面肥色黄；度量宽厚，处事有方。太过则执一古朴，愚拙不明。不及则颜色忧滞，面偏鼻低，声音重浊，事理不通，狠毒乖戾，不得众情，颠倒失信，悭啬妄为。
金属西方，名曰从革，五常主义。其色白，其味辛，其性刚，其情烈。旺相则英勇豪杰，仗义疏财，知廉耻，识羞恶；骨肉相应，体健神清，面方白净，眉高眼深，鼻直耳红，声音清亮，刚毅果决。太过则好勇无谋，贪欲不仁。不及则悭吝贪酷，事多挫忘。有三思、少决断，克薄内毒，喜淫好杀，身材瘦小。
水属北方，名曰润下，五常主智，其色黑，其味咸，其性聪明，其情良善。旺相则机关深远，足智多谋，学识过人，诡诈无极；面黑光彩，语言清和。太过则是非好动，飘荡贪淫。不及则人物矮小，行事反复，情性不常，胆小无略。此虽五行之喻，实与人事相干。以上五行、情性参以命中所遇吉凶神煞断之，大抵生旺者主长大，死绝者主矮小。若有煞临，不在此限，又从煞上断。若有克，则从所克之五行断，又概取日时，上纳音，看有克无克，并神煞所临有气无气，断其形状、性情，无有不验。
又曰：推人性行，只在日时上，看本五行，不论纳音。命若入格而逢生旺，主天性明白，遇物不逆，动必应机，言语声高，突破口大度，临事能断，公平不疑，犯难不畏，平生不以财物为吝，好施与不私己，奢泰欢乐，多情尚义，防有不善终之患。若命入贵格而逢死绝者，主为性寡合，机深意密，多疑多忌，动拘礼节，谨顾行止，修饰仪貌，常自检约，不妄设施，防有阴谋之患。若小人之命已入贱局而逢生旺者，主性无常，不自检束，为事不顾危亡，好斗争，恃强压弱，亲近恶党，不事家业，必竟不得善终；死绝则为性淫邪，动必巧伪，畜缩执拗，举动修饰，专美言词，好自矜炫，临事无断，少是多非，一身无立。
《宰公要诀》云：志高量远，盖因水处深源；笃信守仁，只为土成山岳；仁慈敏厚，木成甲乙之方；性速辨明，火应丙丁之位；誉高义重，因金归合庚辛处。于中者，正性不移，或盛或衰，性情变易。水乘衰败，性昏无赖；土力太微，蔽执寡用；木归蹇地，太柔而治事无规；火数未兴，小辨而太伤无决；金当浅薄，虽义而有始无终。是五行得地失地，太过不及，皆能为凶也。
《壶中子》云：言词狡猾，诞时合值六虚，六虚住处谩语神，凡人得之，心好撰饰，虚词并重；遇者必狡猾，平生妨克尊亲，漂流他国，作事多虚声。
A person's nobility or commonality is determined by the Eight Characters pattern, while disposition corresponds to the Five Elements attributes. Benevolence, Righteousness, Propriety, Wisdom, and Faithfulness are the dominant forces within, while emotions such as Joy, Anger, Sorrow, and Happiness originate from innate nature.
The Five Elements correspond to different personality traits and physical features:
Wood (East · Azure Dragon · Benevolence) 🌱
Prosperous State (Strong Energy): Compassionate and benevolent, noble-minded and generous; tall and slender physique, delicate hands and feet, pale greenish complexion, resonant voice.
Resting/Imprisoned State (Weak Energy): Thin and tall with sparse hair, stubborn personality, prone to jealousy.
Exhausted/Dead State (Depleted Energy): Crooked eyebrows and eyes, stingy and harsh, dry muscles, unsteady movements.
Five Elements Interaction: Encountering Fire results in a reddish complexion 🌋, encountering Earth yields a yellowish hue ⛰, meeting Metal brings a pale white tone, encountering Water leads to a darkish complexion 🌊.
Fire (South · Propriety) 🔥
Prosperous State: Humble and courteous, dignified and awe-inspiring; face shape pointed at the top and broad at the bottom, narrow glabella with thick eyebrows, quick-thinking, decisive in action.
Excessive Prosperity: Impatient and restless, hoarse voice and reddish face.
Deficient State: Thin and cunning, speech full of absurdities, starts things but rarely finishes them.
Earth (Center · Faithfulness) ⛰
Prosperous State: Honest and trustworthy, substantial; rounded back and broad waist, yellowish complexion with a large nose, steady and reliable in handling affairs.
Excessive Prosperity: Stubborn and conservative, dull-witted and unclear.
Deficient State: Gloomy complexion, flat nose bridge, untrustworthy and malicious.
Metal (West · Righteousness) ⚔️
Prosperous State: Resolute and valuing righteousness, robust physique with a square face, straight nose and reddish ears, decisive and determined.
Excessive Prosperity: Courageous but lacking strategy, greedy and lacking benevolence.
Deficient State: Stingy and sinister, short and thin stature, indecisive.
Water (North · Wisdom) 🌊
Prosperous State: Resourceful and strategic, dark complexion with a glow, gentle speech.
Excessive Prosperity: Prone to disputes and restlessness, indulgent and greedy.
Deficient State: Short in stature and fickle in behavior, timid and lacking strategy.
📌 Key Additions:
- The state of the Five Elements must be judged comprehensively in combination with the Auspicious and Inauspicious Deities and Sha in the destiny;
- Body height is related to the prosperity and exhaustion of the Five Elements (prosperous/strong states tend towards tallness, exhausted/dead states towards shortness);
- Special circumstances (such as encountering Sha or mutual overcoming) require separate analysis.
🔍 Critical Perspective:
Beware of the oversimplifying tendency of "physiognomy determinism." Expressions in ancient texts like "exhausted/dead state leads to miserliness and pettiness" are actually descriptions of behavioral probabilities under extreme conditions and should not be applied mechanically.