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纳音数者，谓人本命所属之音也。音，即宫商角徵羽也。纳者，取此音，以调姓所属也。《乐纬》云：孔子曰：吹律定姓。一言得土曰宫，三言得火曰徵，五言得水曰羽，七言得金曰商，九言得木曰角。此并是阳数。凡五行有生数、壮数、老数三种。
木：生数三，壮数八，老数九。
火：生数二，壮数七，老数三。
土：生数五，壮数十，老数一。
金：生数四，壮数九，老数七。
水：生数一，壮数六，老数五。
管辂云：土老数一者，土为万物之主，一切归之，所以一也。三才交而人理具，火之为德，取三才之义，故老数三。水，上应五星，下同五脏，故水老数五。金配七曜，故金老数七。木，在天为九星，在地为九州，在人为九窍，故木老数九。
先生数，次壮数，后老数。纳音论其本命，故以终数言之。此释犹为未尽。夫万物皆禀五常之气，化合而生。物生之后，必至成壮，成壮之后，必有衰老。故有三种义，为人之道，自壮及老，莫不本乎礼义，而以立身。然而存礼义者，靡不有初，鲜克有终。今既论纳音人之所属，非人莫能行其礼义，故以终老之数，礼义明之。
一言得土者，土以含弘德厚，位高为君。君为民主，主则无二，唱始之言，故数一也。三言得火者，火既主礼，孝敬为先，不敢弃所生之德，故其数三，从木数也。水居阴位，人臣之道。土能制水，如君制臣，纵之则行，壅之则止，水不自专，故从土数五也。金既主义，义是夫妻之道。妻无自专，有从夫之义。火为金夫，故用火数七也。木主仁孝，金能克木，宗庙之象。《式经》云：金为骸骨，木为棺槨。此明金木为鬼神之事，以敬事。故木从金数，故数九也。
一示君德，二顺父母，三表臣节，四敬从夫，五事鬼神。此则礼义备，而人事毕矣。故纳音数用之。
纳音者：子午属庚，震卦所直日辰也。丑未属辛，巽卦所直日辰也。寅申属戊，坎卦所直日辰也。卯酉属己，离卦所直日辰也。辰戌属丙，艮卦所直日辰也。己亥属丁，兑卦所直日辰也。
一言得土者，本命庚子，子属于庚，数之，一言便以得之是也。三言得火者，本命丙寅，寅属于戊，从丙数至戊，凡三是也。五言得水者，本命壬戌，戌属于丙，从壬数至丙，凡五是也。七言得金者，本命壬申，属于戊，从壬数至戊，凡七是也。九言得木者，本命己巳，巳属于丁，从己数至丁，凡九是也。六十甲子，例皆如是。
支属八卦为纳音者，皆以次而取对冲。如子午属庚，子午相对冲也，余例悉然。夫阳施阴化，故受气定形，皆资于阴阳，以养成之。是以人之所属，皆以阳数言也。
所以子午属庚之例者：乾为父，坤为母，共有六子。故曰：乾将三男震坎艮，坤将三女巽离兑。阴阳相生，故就乾索女，就坤索男。所以乾一索而得巽，曰长女，再索而得离，曰中女，三索而得兑，曰少女。坤一索而得离，曰长男，再索而得坎，曰中男，三索而得艮，曰少男。
甲是阳干之始，乾下三爻取之。壬是阳干之末，乾上三爻取之。乙是阴干之始，坤下三爻取之。癸是阴干之末，坤上三爻取之。余有六干，阳付其男，阴付其女。甲乙之后，次于丙丁，故以丙付少男艮，以丁付少女兑。丙丁之后，次于戊己，故以戊付中男坎，以己付中女离。戊己之后，次于庚辛，故以庚付长男震，以辛付长女巽。所以从少而付老，自小及大，从微至著故也。
付干既讫，次付其支。震为长子，故其卦，初九得乾之子，九四得乾之午，震干庚，故子午属庚。巽为长女，子后次丑，故其卦，初六得坤之丑，午后次未，六四得坤之未，巽干辛，故丑未属辛。坎为中男，丑后次寅，其卦，初六得乾之寅，未后次申，六四得乾之申，坎干戊，故寅申属戊。离为中女，寅后次卯，故其卦，初九得坤之卯，申后次酉，九四得坤之酉，离干己，故卯酉属己。艮为少男，卯后次辰，故其卦，初六得乾之辰，酉后次戌，六四得乾之戌，艮干丙，故辰戌属丙。兑为少女，辰后次己，故其卦，初九得坤之己，戌后次亥，九四得坤之亥，兑干丁，故己亥属丁。
六子取干，则乾坤之。余取支，并从乾坤而得。阳取于乾，阴取于坤，皆受于父母。故六子并主十二辰，人之纳音，皆所继焉。甲乙壬癸，不为纳音者，以属乾坤故也。
或问曰：六子用干，则取父母之不用者；用支，则并同于父母者，何？答曰：干，是阳也，阳体奇，故正得一往分用。支，是阴也，阴体偶，故以再往用之。又复龟则用日，是以正求于干，故发兆分为十分。筮则用辰，正求于支，是以飞伏六爻，并论十二支。虽复体不兼要，须相配以明义。干为尊，故不得不先设，而后求支。筮虽不正用干，亦须干助，以显其趣。犹如龟判十二支，兆体虽无支象，必约而论之。筮虽阙三甲、三壬、三乙、三癸，亦约虚以求实。
且设干往，先从父母而为始，后及六子。以甲付乾，以乙付坤，以丙付艮，以丁付兑，以戊付坎，以己付离，以庚付震，以辛付巽，历八卦讫，壬还到乾，次癸还到坤。十干所在六爻，乾坤位尊，取其始末理，然体各得二。干支既当爻正用，故卦别皆备。阳卦取其阳支，阴卦取其阴支。四卦同阳，四卦同阴，非正同于父母。当伏羲画八卦，为三爻，备天地人，所以分干卦，别取三。乾坤居始，故取甲乙。后神农重之以为八，纯子有重来之理，所以卦六干并同，父母无二之义。故后卦取乎壬癸，其甲乙壬癸各少三者，皆排在虚用之中，不全无者。阴有从阳之义。
Na-Yin Numbers refer to the musical system🎵 to which a person belongs at birth, namely the five notes: Gong, Shang, Jue, Zhi, Yu. The term "Na" means adopting these musical notes to harmonize the relationship between one's surname and the Five Elements. According to Yue Wei, Confucius said that the Five Elements affiliation of a surname is determined by blowing pitch pipes. The specific rules are: one word (number 1) corresponds to Earth and is called Gong; three words (number 3) correspond to Fire and are called Zhi; five words (number 5) correspond to Water and are called Yu; seven words (number 7) correspond to Metal and are called Shang; nine words (number 9) correspond to Wood and are called Jue. These numbers are all Yang numbers (odd numbers), and each of the Five Elements has three numerical stages: Birth Number (initial stage), Prime Number (prime stage), and Aging Number (aging stage):
Guan Lu explained: The Aging Number of Earth is one because Earth is the master of all things, and everything returns to Earth, so one symbolizes this. The Three Talents (Heaven, Earth, and Humanity) converge, and human principles are complete. Fire Virtue draws from the meaning of the Three Talents, so its Aging Number is three. Water corresponds to the Five Stars above and the Five Organs below, so its Aging Number is five. Metal corresponds to the Seven Luminaries (Sun, Moon, and Five Planets), so its Aging Number is seven. Wood corresponds to the Nine Stars in Heaven, the Nine Regions on Earth, and the Nine Orifices in humans, so its Aging Number is nine.
All things first have a Birth Number, then a Prime Number, and finally an Aging Number. Na-Yin discusses a person’s destiny, so the Aging Number is used to symbolize it. This explanation is not yet comprehensive: all things are born from the interaction of the Five Constant Virtues (Benevolence, Righteousness, Propriety, Wisdom, and Faith). After birth, things must reach their prime, and after their prime, they must age, hence the significance of the three stages. In human conduct, from prime to old age, everything is based on propriety and righteousness. However, those who uphold propriety and righteousness often start but fail to finish. Since Na-Yin pertains to humans and humans can practice propriety and righteousness, the Aging Number is used to elucidate these virtues.
This illustrates: one signifies the ruler’s virtue, two signifies obedience to parents, three signifies the minister’s integrity, four signifies respect for the husband, and five signifies reverence for spirits. With propriety and righteousness complete, human affairs are fulfilled, hence Na-Yin numbers use these.
The specific calculation of Na-Yin is based on the correspondence between Earthly Branches, the Eight Trigrams, and Heavenly Stems:
Case Examples:
All sixty Jiazi follow this pattern. The branch affiliation with the Eight Trigrams uses oppositional pairs (e.g., Zi and Wu are opposites) because Yang gives and Yin transforms. All things receive Qi and take form through Yin and Yang, so human affiliation is expressed in Yang numbers.
The principle of Heavenly Stem and Earthly Branch allocation: Qian is the father, Kun is the mother, giving birth to six children (Zhen, Kan, Gen as three sons; Xun, Li, Dui as three daughters). Heavenly Stem allocation: Jia (beginning of Qian), Ren (end of Qian), Yi (beginning of Kun), Gui (end of Kun). The remaining six stems are assigned to the six children: Bing to Gen (youngest son), Ding to Dui (youngest daughter), Wu to Kan (middle son), Ji to Li (middle daughter), Geng to Zhen (eldest son), Xin to Xun (eldest daughter). Branches are taken from Qian and Kun: Zhen Gua’s initial nine takes Qian’s Zi, nine-four takes Qian’s Wu, so Zi and Wu belong to Geng; Xun Gua’s initial six takes Kun’s Chou, six-four takes Kun’s Wei, so Chou and Wei belong to Xin; and so on. Qian and Kun hold尊 positions, taking their beginnings and ends, while the six children govern the twelve branches, and Na-Yin follows. Jia, Yi, Ren, and Gui are not directly used in Na-Yin because they belong to Qian and Kun.
Q&A to Address Doubts: Stems are Yang, with odd bodies, so they are used once; Branches are Yin, with even bodies, so they are used twice. Turtle shell divination uses days (stems), while stalk divination uses branches. Although their bodies are not combined, they are paired to clarify meaning. Stems, being尊, are set first, and then branches are sought for assistance, similar to how turtle shell omens approximate branches and stalk divination approximates stems, using emptiness to seek substance.