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原文标题：序
宋庆历中，康节邵先生隐处山林，冬不炉，夏不扇，盖心于《易》，忘乎其为寒暑也。犹以为未至，糊《易》于壁，心致而目玩焉，邃于《易》理，欲造《易》之数而未有征也。
一日午睡，有鼠走而前，以所枕瓦投击之，鼠走而枕破。觉中有字，取视之：“此枕卖与贤人康节，某年月日某时击鼠枕破。”先生怪而询之陶家，其陶枕者曰：“昔一手执《周易》，憩坐举枕，其书此，必此老也。今不至久矣，吾能识其家。”
先生偕陶往访焉，及门，则已不存矣。但遗书一册，谓其家人曰：“某年某月某日某时有一秀士至吾家，可以此书授之，能终吾身后事矣。”其家以书授先生，先生阅之，乃《易》之文，并有诀例。当推例演数，谓其人曰：“汝父存日有白金，置睡床西北窖中，可以营事。”其家如言，果得金。
先生授书以归，后观梅以雀争胜，布算知次晚有邻人女折花坠伤其股，其卜盖始于此。后世相传，遂名《观梅数》。又后算落花之日，午时为马所践毁；又算西林寺额，知有阴人之祸。凡此皆所谓先天之数也。盖未得卦先得数也，以数起卦，故曰：“先天”。
若夫见老人有忧色，卜而知老人有食鱼之祸；见少年有喜色，卜而知有币聘之喜；闻鸡鸣知鸡必烹；听牛鸣而知牛当杀，凡此皆后天之数也。盖未得数先得卦也，以卦起数，故曰：“后天”。
一日，置一椅，以数推之，书椅底曰：“某年月日当为仙客坐破。”至期，果有道者来访，坐破其椅。仙客愧谢，先生曰：“物之成毁有数，岂足介意。且公神仙也，幸坐以示教。”因举椅下所书以验，道者愕然，趋起出，忽不见。乃知数之妙，虽鬼神莫逃，而况于人乎！况于物乎！
During the Qingli era of the Song Dynasty, Master Shao Yong (courtesy name Kangjie) lived in seclusion in the mountains. ❄️ In winter, he did not warm himself by a stove; 🔥 in summer, he did not use a fan. He devoted himself entirely to studying the Book of Changes, even forgetting the changes of cold and heat. Feeling that his understanding was still insufficient, he pasted the Book of Changes on the wall, contemplating it day and night, deeply delving into its principles. He wished to explore the numerology of the Book of Changes but struggled due to the lack of empirical evidence.
One day, while taking a nap, a mouse ran past. He threw the ceramic pillow he was using at the mouse. The mouse escaped, but the pillow broke. Inside, he found a note that read: "This pillow is sold to the virtuous Kangjie. On a certain year, month, day, and hour, it will break due to striking a mouse." Shao Yong found this strange and went to inquire with the potter who made the pillow. The potter said, "There was once an old man who carried the Book of Changes with him and used this pillow while resting. He wrote those words—it must have been him. He has long passed away, but I still remember where he lived."
Shao Yong followed the potter to visit the old man’s home. When they arrived at the door, they found that the old man was no longer there. Only a book remained. The family said, "On a certain year, month, day, and hour, a scholar will come to our home. You may give this book to him, as he will be able to handle our affairs after the old man’s passing." The family handed the book to Shao Yong. Upon reading it, he found it contained the text of the Book of Changes, along with divination formulas and case studies. Following the examples, he calculated and told the family, "Your father hid silver during his lifetime, stored in a cellar at the northwest corner of his sleeping bed. It can be used to handle his affairs." The family followed his advice and indeed found the silver.
Shao Yong took the book home. Later, while observing plum blossoms, he saw sparrows fighting and calculated that a neighbor’s girl would pick a flower the next night and injure her leg. This marked the beginning of Plum Blossom Divination, later passed down as the Observation of Plum Blossoms Numerology. He also predicted the day falling blossoms would be trampled by a horse at noon and foretold a misfortune for a woman based on the inscription of a temple plaque. These are examples of "Innate Numerology"—obtaining the number before the hexagram, using the number to derive the hexagram, hence the term "innate."
Conversely, seeing an old man’s worried expression, he divined a disaster related to eating fish; observing a young man’s joyful demeanor, he predicted a celebration involving betrothal gifts; hearing a chicken crow, he knew the chicken would be cooked; hearing an ox low, he knew the ox would be slaughtered. These are examples of "Acquired Numerology"—obtaining the hexagram before the number, using the hexagram to derive the number, hence the term "acquired."
One day, Shao Yong placed a chair and calculated, writing on the bottom: "On a certain year, month, and day, an immortal guest will sit and break this chair." When the day arrived, a Taoist priest indeed visited and broke the chair while sitting on it. The priest apologized in embarrassment, but Shao Yong said, "The success or failure of objects is predetermined. There is no need to worry. You, sir, are an immortal, and I am fortunate that you sat on this chair to impart your teachings." He showed the note on the bottom of the chair as proof. The priest was astonished, quickly stood up, and left, suddenly vanishing. Only then did Shao Yong realize the profoundness of numerical principles—even spirits and deities cannot escape them, let alone humans and objects! 🔮