On Clashing and Breaking

原文

论冲破

衝破者.以其氣相格對也.衝氣爲輕.破氣爲重.支干各自相對.故各有衝破也.干衝破者.甲庚衝破.乙辛衝破.丙壬衝破.丁癸衝破.戊壬.甲戌.乙己.亦衝破.此皆對衝破.亦本體相尅.彌爲重也.支衝破者.子午衝破.丑未衝破.寅申衝破.卯酉衝破.辰戌衝破.巳亥衝破.此亦取相對.其輕重皆以死生言之.四孟有生而無死.直衝而不破.四季有死而無生.直破而無衝.四仲死生俱興.故竝有衝破.四孟有生無死.直有衝無破者.寅有生火.巳有生金.申有生水.亥有生木也.四仲死生俱有者.卯有王木死水.午有王火死木.酉有王金死火.子有王水死金.四季有死而無生者.辰有死水.未有死木.戌有死火.丑有死金.死氣則重.故能破.生氣則輕.故相衝.又復甲往向庚爲衡.庚往向甲爲破.以強者制弱也.其衝破.皆以對位抗衝最爲不善.又.互向對衝之地.我當在庚.令敵居甲.以強制弱故也.問曰.沴氣是相衝而爲.今解衝破.而不喚爲沴.此未可解.答曰.五行相沴.因事變重.非是常然.有罰則見.無災則止.今之所解.直是支干之位.常自格對.剛柔相衝.非問變異.寜得稱爾矣.

译文

Overall Paraphrased Translation

Clashing and breaking refer to the mutual opposition and conflict between the energetic fields of the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches in the Five Elements system. 🌬 Clashing energy is relatively mild, while 💥 breaking energy is more severe. Both Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches have their corresponding clashing and breaking relationships.

Heavenly Stem Clashes and Breaks include: Jia-Geng clash-break, Yi-Xin clash-break, Bing-Ren clash-break, Ding-Gui clash-break, as well as Wu-Ren, Jia-Xu, and Yi-Ji, which also form clash-break relationships. These are based on opposition in relative positions and inherently involve a controlling (ke) relationship, making their effects more pronounced.

Earthly Branch Clashes and Breaks include: Zi-Wu clash-break, Chou-Wei clash-break, Yin-Shen clash-break, Mao-You clash-break, Chen-Xu clash-break, Si-Hai clash-break. These also stem from opposition in relative positions, and their severity is judged by the presence of generative (sheng) or lethal (si) energy.

Four Commencements (Yin, Si, Shen, Hai): Possess generative energy but lack lethal energy, hence they only clash but do not break. For example: Yin has generative fire 🔥, Si has generative metal ⚔️, Shen has generative water 🌊, Hai has generative wood 🌳.
Four Midpoints (Zi, Wu, Mao, You): Contain both generative and lethal energy, hence they both clash and break. For example: Mao has vigorous wood and dead water, Wu has vigorous fire and dead wood, You has vigorous metal and dead fire, Zi has vigorous water and dead metal.
Four Seasons (Chen, Wei, Xu, Chou): Possess lethal energy but lack generative energy, hence they only break but do not clash. For example: Chen has dead water, Wei has dead wood, Xu has dead fire, Chou has dead metal.

Lethal energy is heavy, thus it can break; generative energy is light, thus it clashes. Furthermore, moving from Jia towards Geng is called "heng" (balancing), while moving from Geng towards Jia is called "po" (breaking), reflecting the principle of the strong controlling the weak. Clashing and breaking are most unfavorable during direct opposition and conflict. For instance, in a confrontation, one should position oneself in the Geng position (strong) and place the opponent in the Jia position (weak) to use strength to subdue weakness.

Someone might ask: Disaster energy (lí qi) is also formed through clashes, so why is it not called "lí" when explaining clashing and breaking? The answer is: The mutual conflict (lí) of the Five Elements is exacerbated by sudden events; it is not the norm. It appears only when there is punishment and ceases when there is no disaster. What is discussed here is only the regular patterns and the clashing of rigidity and softness based on the positions of the Stems and Branches; it does not involve mutation, hence it is not termed "lí".

🧠 In-Depth Understanding

Core Concept 💡

Clashing and breaking are antagonistic relationships within the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches system of the Five Elements, based on relative positions and the presence of generative or lethal energy. They emphasize the severity of energetic field conflicts. The clashing and breaking of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches reflect the interaction of Yin and Yang, rigidity and softness, with the core principle being the strong controlling the weak and the balance or imbalance of generative and lethal energies.

Modern Interpretation 🌟

In a modern context, clashing and breaking can be analogized to conflicts, challenges, or resource competition in life. For example:

Personal Decision-Making: In career or relationships, encountering clashing positions (e.g., timing, direction) may indicate a need for cautious handling of conflicts.
Astrological Analysis: In Eight Characters (Bazi) astrology, clashing and breaking often signify fluctuations in fortune, requiring mitigation through Five Elements harmonization (e.g., avoiding specific directions or times).
Scientific Perspective: This reflects the unity of opposites in systems theory, where conflict is a driver of change but needs management to avoid extremes.

When applying this, adopt an empirical attitude: do not believe blindly, but use it as a reference framework, verifying through actual observation (e.g., recording conflict events and their relation to Stems and Branches).

Practical Value ⚡

Daily Life: When choosing timings for important activities, avoid days or directions of clash-break (e.g., avoid major decisions in the north-south direction during Zi-Wu clash).
Career Planning: If astrological analysis indicates clash-break, proactively seek balance, such as strengthening the weak element (e.g., using water 🌊 to harmonize fire 🔥 conflict).
Health Management: Pay attention to body parts associated with clash-break (e.g., Zi-Wu clash may relate to heart and kidneys), and adjust lifestyle结合现代养生调整作息结合现代养生调整作息 (combine with modern wellness practices to adjust routines).
Decision Support: Transform clash-break into a risk checklist; for example, "Jia-Geng clash" suggests competitive pressure, advising preparation of backup plans.

Philosophical Reflection 🤔

Clashing and breaking deeply embody the dialectical thought of Yin and Yang in Chinese philosophy: conflict is inevitable, but harmony can be achieved through balance. It reminds us that adversity (breaking) contains vitality (clashing), and the strong controlling the weak is not about suppression but dynamic equilibrium. In modern terms, this encourages using softness to overcome hardness and embracing conflict as an opportunity for growth.

📚 Related Knowledge

Related Concepts: Mutual generation and conquest of the Five Elements, Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches chronology, Yin-Yang balance, Disaster energy (lì qi).
Further Reading: Conflict and harmony relationships in the hexagrams of the "I Ching"; discussions on Stems and Branches conflicts in "San Ming Tong Hui"; case studies in divination from "Plum Blossom Divination".
Modern Research: Contemporary scholars like Liu Dajun explore the modern application of conflict theory in Yi studies, emphasizing data-driven analysis (e.g., statistical analysis of clash-break event occurrence rates) to demystify it.