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夫疾病者，乃精神气血之所主，各有感伤；内曰『脏腑』，外曰『肢体』。
八字干支，五行生剋之义，取伤重者而断之；五行干支太旺、不及俱病。金主刀刃刑伤，水乃溺舟而死，木乃悬樑自縊、虎啖蛇嗔，火则夜眠颠倒、蛇伤烧焚，土乃山崩石压、泥陷墻崩。
且如生命，天干内府所属，诗曰：『甲肝，乙胆，丙小肠，丁心，戊胃，己脾乡，庚是大肠，辛属肺，壬是膀胱，癸肾脏。』
天干外支所属：『甲头，乙项，丙肩求，丁心，戊胁，己属腹，庚係人脐，辛为股，壬脛，癸足自来求。』
『子疝气，丑肚腹，寅臂肢，卯目手，辰背胸，巳面齿，午心腹，未脾胸，申咳疾，酉肝肺，戌背肺，亥头肝。』
肝乃肾家苗，肾乃肝之主。
肾通于眼，胆藏魂，肝藏魄，肾藏精，心藏神，脾藏气。
木命见庚辛申酉多者，肝胆病。内则惊精虚怯、癆瘵呕血、头眩目暗、痰喘头风脚气、左瘫右痪、口眼歪斜、风症筋骨疼痛；外则皮肤乾燥、眼目之疾、发鬚疏少、颠扑手足、损伤之患；女生堕胎、血气不调；小儿急慢惊风、夜啼咳嗽。经云：『筋骨疼痛，盖因木被金伤。』
火命见水及亥子旺地，主小肠、心经之患。内则颠哑、口心疼痛、急缓惊风、秃舌口咽哑、潮热发狂；外则眼暗失明、小肠肾气、疮毒脓血；小儿痘疹癣疮；妇女乾血淋漓。火主燥，面色红赤，经云：『眼暗目昏，多是火遭水剋。』
土命见木及寅卯旺乡，主脾、胃经受伤。内主膈食翻胃气噎、蛊胀泄泻黄肿、不能饮食、吃物拣择、呕吐脾伤；外则左手口腹有疾、皮肤燥涩；小儿疳病脾黄。土主温，多淹滞，面色痿黄，经云：『土虚乘木旺之乡，脾伤定论。』
金命见火及巳午旺处，主大肠、肺经受病。咳嗽喘吐、肠风痔漏、魑魅失魂、劳怯之症；外则皮肤枯燥、疯鼻赤疽痈，皆脓血之咎。经云：『金弱遇火炎之地，血疾无疑。』
水命见土及四季旺月，主膀胱、肾经受病。内则遗精白浊、盗汗鬼交、虚损耳聋、伤寒感冒；外则牙痛疝气、偏坠腰疼、肾气淋沥、吐泻疼痛之病；女人主胎崩漏白带。水主寒，面赤黧黑，经云：『下元冷疾，只缘水值土伤。』
The occurrence of disease stems from an imbalance of the body's vital energy (qi), blood, and spirit, caused by both internal and external factors: internally, it corresponds to organ dysfunction, while externally manifesting as abnormalities in the limbs. Through the five-element (wuxing) cycles of generation and restriction in the Eight Characters (Bazi), one can analyze the most severely restricted element to diagnose illness—excess or deficiency in any of the five elements may trigger disease.
Heavenly Stems (天干) govern internal organs (脏腑):
Jia (甲)→Liver, Yi (乙)→Gallbladder, Bing (丙)→Small Intestine, Ding (丁)→Heart (🔥), Wu (戊)→Stomach, Ji (己)→Spleen, Geng (庚)→Large Intestine, Xin (辛)→Lungs, Ren (壬)→Bladder, Gui (癸)→Kidneys (🌊).
Earthly Branches (地支) govern limbs (肢体):
Zi (子)→Hernia, Chou (丑)→Abdomen, Yin (寅)→Arms, Mao (卯)→Eyes/Hands, Chen (辰)→Back/Chest, Si (巳)→Face/Teeth, Wu (午)→Heart/Abdomen, Wei (未)→Spleen/Chest, Shen (申)→Cough, You (酉)→Liver/Lungs, Xu (戌)→Back/Lungs, Hai (亥)→Head/Liver.
Using the five-element theory, the Bazi system maps celestial stems and earthly branches to human organs and diseases, emphasizing that both "excess" and "restriction" are pathogenic triggers. This reflects the holistic TCM view that "balance equals health."
| Element | Restriction Manifestation | Contemporary Symptoms/Risks |
|---|---|---|
| Wood🌳 | Excessive Metal (Geng/Xin/Shen/You) | Hepatobiliary: Anxiety, insomnia, hypertension, hepatitis; Neurological: Migraines, post-stroke sequelae; Gynecology: Menstrual disorders, recurrent miscarriage |
| Fire🔥 | Excessive Water (Hai/Zi) | Cardiovascular: Arrhythmia, angina; Psychiatry: Bipolar tendencies, speech disorders; Dermatology: Eczema, vision decline |
| Earth⛰️ | Excessive Wood (Yin/Mao) | Digestive: Gastric ulcers, IBS; Metabolic: Jaundice, chronic diarrhea; Pediatrics: Malnutrition, stunted growth |
| Metal⚔️ | Excessive Fire (Si/Wu) | Respiratory: Asthma, pneumonia, TB; Immune: Skin ulcers, sinusitis; Psychiatry: PTSD |
| Water🌊 | Excessive Earth (Chen/Xu/Chou/Wei) | Urological: Nephritis, stones, ED; Orthopedic: Herniated discs, arthritis; Gynecology: Fibroids, leukorrhea |
Attributing disease to five-element imbalances reflects ancient attempts to decode life’s complexity via symbolic systems. The "organs store spirit" theory (e.g., "heart stores shen") aligns with modern psychosomatic medicine, revealing the profound impact of mental states on physiology.