Yi Mao (易冒), Volume Nine

"Yi Mao" Volume Nine — Vernacular Translation and Modern Interpretation

Overall Paraphrase

Chapter 76: Travel

Accidents are what the noble person guards against; the hardships of the road have been recorded since antiquity. Thus, the perils of storms and robbers, illness, and litigation are all considered great taboos embodied in the Officer Ghost (官鬼). If the Ghost line is quiet, it is auspicious for traveling far across the four seas 🌊; if the Ghost line moves and stirs repeatedly, there is fear of a mid-journey fall or stumble.

If the Black Tortoise (玄武) Ghost moves, beware of robbers; if the Vermilion Bird (朱雀) Ghost moves, guard against litigation; if the White Tiger (白虎) Ghost moves, illness arises; if the Flying Snake (螣蛇) Ghost moves, be startled by storms; if the Hook Snake (勾陈) Ghost moves, one cannot fix a departure date; if the Azure Dragon (青龙) Ghost moves, one must not sink into ease and idleness.

For carriage mishaps, the Ghost arises in the Qian (乾) and Zhen (震) trigrams; for wind and wave perils, the Ghost arises in the Xun (巽) and Kan (坎) trigrams; the Gen (艮) Ghost warns of perils in the mountains; the Kun (坤) Ghost bids one avoid danger in the wilds; the Li (离) Ghost counsels caution in markets; the Dui (兑) Ghost requires attention at monasteries and shrines.

A Water Ghost is unfavorable for undertaking boats 🌊; a Wood Ghost is unfavorable for riding carriages 🌱; an Earth Ghost is unfavorable for traveling on foot with burdens; a Metal Ghost is unfavorable for blades and weapons; a Fire Ghost is unfavorable for cooking and stoves 🔥.

A Wu (noon) Ghost signifies a fall from a donkey or horse; a You (unitary) Ghost signifies mishaps with wine and food; a Wood Ghost corresponds to the east; a Metal Ghost corresponds to the west.

The Salty Pool (咸池) brings perils of women; the Robber Star (劫煞) brings deceptions and trickery; the Ear-Eye (耳目) stars bring false news and misinformation; the Heavenly Thief (天贼) brings theft and loss.

Whenever a single Ghost moves, it corresponds to a single calamity. Therefore, if a travel hexagram contains no Ghost, it is said that all things are perpetually auspicious.

Then one examines the Apparent Symbol (用象): when casting for one's own journey, the World line must not be sick; when casting for another person's journey, the Apparent line must not be injured. If the Apparent line meets Void (空), all plans come to nothing; if it meets Break (破), illness attaches to the body; if it meets Exhaustion (绝), the departure is delayed; if it meets Scatter (散), one changes course and goes elsewhere. If the World line enters the Tomb (墓), one does not leave; if it transforms into Retreating Spirit (退神), one does not proceed; if quiet and encountering Clash (冲), one is invited and travels; if moving and encountering Union (合), one is entangled and stays. In Wandering Soul (游魂) hexagrams, there is much indecisive roaming; in Returning Soul (归魂) hexagrams, it is difficult to cross the border.

If the World line follows the Officer into the Tomb, obstructions arise; if the World holds the Sibling (兄弟), companions arrive; if the World harbors the Wealth (妻财), travel provisions exist; if the World meets the Parent (父母), luggage and funds are at hand; if the World sits upon the Offspring (子孙), the road is smooth near and far.

In the past, the four hexagrams Ming Yi (明夷), Jie (节), Gen (艮), and Kan (坎) were transmitted as cautions for travel. Now Following Tomb (随墓) and Aiding Injury (助伤) are added as two symbols of external worry; even if the Apparent line is strong and the Ghost quiet, these are still taboo.

When casting about a good traveling companion, the Responding line (应爻) is the Apparent symbol. If the Responding line comes to overcome or clash me, I cannot travel with him; if the Responding line is Void or Scattered, he has no regard for me; if the Responding line is Broken or Exhausted, he harbors treacherous designs. If the companion is a relative, then seek the Apparent Symbol (用象); if casting together for safety, regard the World line and seek the Ghost.

Casting about whether my travel will be accomplished: if the World is damaged, one does not leave; if the Ghost is Void, one does not leave; if Tomb or Retreating, or in a Returning Soul hexagram, one does not leave. Casting about whether a companion's travel will be accomplished: if World and Responding clash or unite, they do not travel together; if World and Responding are sick, they do not travel together; if the Officer Ghost is lost, they do not travel together.

Casting about the travel date: take the Apparent Spirit (用神) as the traveling body; if it moves, await the generating sustainment; if it is quiet, await the clash; if it is broken, await the repair — thus the date can be fixed.

When casting about seeking affairs abroad, also examine the Apparent line. For seeking examination success, examine the Document (文书 / Parent line); for seeking promotion, examine the Officer Ghost, provided the World is not Void; for seeking visits and searches, examine the Apparent line; for seeking goods and profit, examine the Wealth symbol — these are affairs casting, not travel casting.

When casting about the advantage of directions and regions for undertakings, examine the Offspring at its generating-prospering direction; when casting about evasion and timing for travel, avoid the dates when the Officer Ghost is at the sun or moon position.

When casting about encountering wind, examine the Sibling. If the Sibling overcomes the World, it is a headwind; if the Sibling generates the World, it is a tailwind; if the Sibling is substantial, the wind is strong; if the Sibling is vigorous, the wind is fierce; if the Sibling is weak, the wind is light; if the Sibling is Void, the wind ceases. The day branch is the celestial phenomenon — if the day generates, the weather is favorable; if the Sibling overcomes, the wind is contrary.

Casting about whether wind warrants fear, examine the Ghost symbol: if the Ghost moves, there is danger of capsizing; if the Ghost is quiet, there is no calamity of split sails; if the World line is generating-prospering, there is no fault.

Casting about passes and barriers likewise examines the Ghost line. If the Responding line overcomes the World, there will surely be blockages; if the Officer overcomes the World, one will surely encounter detention; if the Offspring prospers and the Officer is Void, travel and roaming go as one pleases; crossing borders for trade all follows the same casting method.

Casting about the safety of lodging abroad: if the World is damaged, illness arises; if the Ghost moves, bandits come; if the World body is generating-prospering, the lodging is peaceful; if the Azure Dragon and Offspring combine in support, there is celebration in encounters.

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Chapter 77: The Traveler

The traveler has not yet returned; one casts the hexagram for their return. For relatives, use the Six Relatives (六亲) as the Apparent symbol; for strangers, use the Responding line. If the Apparent line has no sickness, the person returns; if the Apparent line overcomes the World, the arrival is swift — this is the great principle.

If the Apparent meets Void, Break, Scatter, or Exhaustion, not only is the return date remote, but the traveler also faces illness and calamity; if there is another Apparent line without injury, judge from the uninjured one.

If the Apparent encounters Hidden Movement (暗动), homesickness has already stirred; if the Apparent holds Double Movement (交重), the boat or carriage has already departed; if the movement is at the Sun or Moon, the return is on that day or month; if the movement transforms into Retreating Spirit, the horse halts and does not advance; if it transforms into Advancing Spirit (进神), gazing at the clouds, the person rushes onward. If quiet and meeting Union, there is a return with companions; if moving and meeting Union, there is an obstruction of grasping the carriage shafts. If Clash transforms into Clash, the heart changes at a crossroads; if Wandering Soul transforms into Wandering Soul, the will wavers in foreign lands.

For casting the return date in general: first seek that the Apparent symbol has no injury. If the World overcomes the Apparent, the coming is late; if the Apparent overcomes the World, the arrival is swift; harmony and equality indicate slowness; mutual generation indicates delay. If the Apparent is Void, fulfill when it becomes substantial; if Broken, repair when it is mended; if Exhausted, generate when it revives; if absent, arrive when it is present; if衰弱 (decayed), arrive when it prospers.

If the Apparent line moves, the person comes through Triple Union (三合); if the Apparent hiddenly stirs, the return is through Six Union (六合); if the Apparent is quiet, return upon encountering Clash; if the Apparent enters the Tomb, reunion comes upon Opening.

If the Earth line (first line) moves, the person is just setting out; if the Foot line moves, the return is that very day; if the Gate line (second line) moves, one welcomes them here.

Movement is swift, stillness is slow — the great principle from antiquity to the present; Clash weakens the bond, Union strengthens it — the constant principle of divination; Wandering Soul goes out, Returning Soul comes in — the fixed pattern of hexagrams and lines.

If the hexagram body unites with the month or day, it is a time of joyful welcome; if the hexagram lines exclusively move or exclusively remain still, it is a time of sudden appearance.

If casting with a fixed deadline, taking year, month, decade, or day as the term: if the World overcomes the Apparent, it is late; if World and Apparent mutually generate, it is slow; if World and Responding harmonize, or the Apparent overcomes the World, it is swift. In fixed-deadline divination, the spirit's reply is especially proximate.

For travel appointments: if the Responding line is damaged, the promise is broken; if it is not Void, not Scattered, not Broken, not Exhausted, the person will surely arrive on schedule. Asking about speed or delay follows the traveler's judgment method.

For mid-journey encounters: with Six Clash (六冲), one does not meet; if the Responding is Void, there is no faith, and even with faith, the paths diverge; if the World is Void, one does not wait, and even with waiting, the road turns away. If casting for the day and hour of arrival, take the substantial Responding as the rule; for seeing, take the substantial World as the rule; if the hexagram body unites with the time, that is the rule.

Casting whether the traveler will come, speak in terms of Void and Substantial; the traveler's speed, speak in terms of generation and overcoming; the traveler's safety, speak in terms of the Apparent symbol, with the Officer Ghost as the calamity.

Following the Ghost, Reversal/Hidden (反伏), Tomb, and Exhaustion are the traveler's ominous omens, each determined by the Apparent symbol.

If the Water Ghost moves, wind and waves alarm the heart 🌊; if the Metal Ghost develops, weapons and warfare steal one's spirit; the Fire Ghost brings affairs of flying and lingering 🔥; the Wood Ghost brings troubles of boats and oars 🌱; the Earth Ghost brings deception of foot travel and burdens, and obstruction of provisions.

Black Tortoise is the harassment of petty people; Flying Snake is the entanglement of bad companions; Azure Dragon is the aid of good companions; White Tiger is calamity; Hook Snake is obstruction and delay; Vermilion Bird is right and wrong.

If the Apparent transforms into the Ghost, one fears treading improper paths; if the Ghost transforms into the Apparent, one fears falling into muddy ditches.

The Dui Ghost matched with Salty Pool, one delights in wine and women and forgets to return; the Kan Officer bearing the Post Horse (驿马), one drifts on rivers and seas and finds it hard to return 🌊; the Qian Ghost deludes one with palaces and temples (Daoist abbeys); the Xun Officer indulges one in profit-seeking; the Li Ghost lingers in markets and streets 🔥; the Zhen Ghost sickens one on boats and carriages; Kun and Gen obstruct one in mountains and wilds.

Casting about the survival of a long-absent guest: focus exclusively on the Apparent, not on the Ghost. If the Apparent Spirit survives, the person survives; if the Apparent Spirit perishes, the person perishes. Survival means having root (having qi); perishing means having no root (no qi). When the Three Taboos (三忌) are truly present, the person becomes a ghost in a foreign land. The three taboos are: first, Life Tomb (命墓, Apparent entering Tomb); second, Reversal/Hidden, Tomb, Exhaustion; third, Void, Break, Scatter, Exhaustion.

Casting whether the traveler is in a certain place: seek the presence of the Apparent line. If the Apparent moves, the person has gone elsewhere; if the Apparent is Void, the person is in another place; Scatter is like Void; Clash is like Movement.

Casting whether the traveler is in office: if the Officer prospers, the person holds office; if the Officer is Void, the person has not yet taken office. Casting whether the traveler has married: if Wealth appears, marriage has occurred; if the Apparent is sick, not yet married. Casting whether the traveler has gained profit: delight in the prosperity of the Wealth Spirit. Casting whether the traveler has gone elsewhere: guard against the imprisonment of the Apparent symbol. Hindered, one does not go elsewhere; sick, one does not change course. Casting whether there has been an encounter: with Six Clash, the desire is not fulfilled; if the Apparent is Void, the will is not satisfied.

Casting for news: focus exclusively on the Parent line. If the Parent is sick, no letter comes; if prosperous and moving, it will soon arrive; if it suffers Clash, the letter is broken; if it transforms into Void, the letter is lost. Combine with Vermilion Bird for speed; with Hook Snake for delay; with Azure Dragon for good fortune; with White Tiger for ill fortune; Flying Snake brings vague and alarming words; Black Tortoise brings secret and hidden speech.

Casting whether the other has sent a letter: first Apparent, then Parent. If the Apparent is damaged, no letter is written; if the Parent is Void, there is no news. Casting whether the letter carries valuables: first Apparent, then Wealth. If the Apparent is Void, nothing is sent; if Wealth is Void, there are no items. The presence or absence of news is judged by Void and Movement; the letter's arrival date, by Union and Generation.

In general, for a traveler's fortune or misfortune: strangers by the Responding symbol, relatives by the Apparent symbol; for the traveler's gains and losses: gains by the Apparent line, and seeking by the affair line.

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Chapter 78: Boats and Carriages

Boats and carriages travel far, and the divination carries a cautious heart. So to seek advantage, first seek freedom from harm. For all errors of boat and carriage, disturbances of calamity and illness, and fears of robbers and thieves, Ghost movement is uniformly the taboo. Aiding Injury and World Sickness are unsuitable for one's own journey; Life Tomb and Apparent Injury — how could they benefit another's travel?

If the Wood Ghost moves repeatedly, do not rely on the advantage of boat or carriage 🌱; if the Wu (noon) Officer stirs, take no pleasure in the gallop of donkey or horse. For falling, the Breaking Star (折煞) combines and arises; for robbery, the Thief Warrior (贼武) moves therewith; for contention, the Vermilion Bird flies alongside; for fright, the Flying Snake spreads with it.

Only when the Officer Ghost is peaceful and the Apparent Spirit prospers are boats, carts, donkeys, and horses safe wherever one goes.

Seeking boats or carriages: if the World is Void and the Parent damaged, they are few (hard to obtain); seeking donkeys and horses: if the World is Void and the Offspring broken, it is difficult. Are boats and carriages in good repair: if the Parent is broken, they are worn; are donkeys and horses strong: if the Offspring prospers, they are excellent. Casting whether a boat will come to carry: if the Responding is broken and the Parent破 (broken), there is no date; casting whether a donkey or horse will come to meet: if the Responding moves and the Offspring stirs, the arrival is swift.

Casting about boatmen and servants: for official assignments, take the Officer Ghost as the Apparent symbol; for private hires, take the Responding line. Most favorable is generating the World and prospering Wealth; how could overcoming the body and sinking the Responding be appropriate?

Casting for safety on water and land: rely solely on the movement and stillness of Officer and Offspring (官福). If the Officer Ghost is decayed and quiet, there is no trouble.

In general, the advantage or disadvantage of one's conveyance is examined through Parent and Offspring; the safety or danger of the journey passes examined through Apparent Spirit and Officer Ghost — these two suffice.

Since the use of boats is broad, additional detail is given here:

None of these may unite with the Ghost and move, nor transform from the Ghost; to violate this is to signify misfortune.

The Fire Ghost brings the calamity of red light 🔥; the Water Ghost brings the calamity of white waves 🌊; the Metal Ghost strikes sharp rocks, with illness in anchors and chains; the Wood Ghost offends the household gods, with disease in sails and rudders 🌱; the Earth Ghost runs aground in shallow rivers, with trouble in mud and sediment.

The appearance of the Six Spirits approaching the Ghost in movement:

For entrusting goods to a boat: take the Responding line as the Apparent symbol. If the Responding overcomes the World, extortion and excessive expenses follow; with Six Clash, there is mid-journey upheaval; if the Responding is broken, there is not a single strength to rely upon; the noble person avoids this.

Buying a boat and dwelling in it is like casting about a residence; the boat owner hiring personnel is like employing servants; laborers joining a boat is like serving a master; seeking the shelter of a patron is like public service; guarding against offending officials is like avoiding litigation; asking which ghost or spirit is involved is like seeking the source of affliction. Each is judged by extending its category.

To examine capsizing calamity, look where the Officer Ghost approaches; to seek evasion, use the month in which the Officer Ghost is at the Sun. When crossing rivers and seas, heed the warnings of Kan and Gen, and then one may worthy of the saying "advantageous to cross the great river" 🌊.

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Chapter 79: Works and Construction

The calamity of overflowing waters has been recorded in ancient traditions. Thus, preventing rivers and constructing works are the same as preventing harm — one does not adhere rigidly to the Water symbol but focuses on the Officer line.

Thus, if the Ghost prospers, the Ghost overcomes, the Ghost moves, or there is Following Tomb or Aiding Injury: casting about flood calamity, an unresolved breach will breach, and an already breaching will not cease; casting about embankments and dikes, an uncompleted one is difficult to build, and a completed one shall collapse.

For casting about dikes and embankments, the Parent is the Apparent symbol — prosperous and substantial means firmness; Void and Broken means倾覆 (collapse). When beginning a work, at what time will it succeed? Delight in the period when the World is substantial and the Parent is substantial. Casting with a fixed deadline about whether the work succeeds by then: avoid the symbols of Six Clash, World Void, and Parent Broken. Such is the general outline.

If great officers receive imperial decrees, minor officers receive commands, and clerks and commoners receive assignments: the Officer line must not be sick, and must not clash or overcome the World position.

If officials cast about the advantage or disadvantage of river works, then on the contrary the Officer Ghost is weighted: if the Officer prospers and the World is substantial, there will be commendation and promotion; if the Officer injures, the World is Void, or there is Following Tomb or Aiding Injury, there will be censure and demotion.

If common laborers cast about fortune and misfortune in bitter corvée, then the Officer Ghost is the taboo: if it prospers and moves to overcome the World, toil and hardship have no end; if Life Tomb or Aiding Injury occurs, anxieties are unforeseeable.

For all repairs of ponds, terraces, sluices, dikes, and for road work, water management, and castle building, the Parent is the Apparent line — the work succeeds when the World is substantial and the Parent prospers.

For fears of obstruction and bitter corvée, the Officer Ghost is the taboo — if it prospers and moves to overcome the World, or brings Following and Aiding (随助), misfortune follows.

For casting about delegating tasks and hiring workers, the Responding line is the Apparent symbol — if the Responding prospers and is substantial, there is success; if it overcomes the World, the person is not good; with Six Clash, success is difficult.

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Chapter 80: Capturing Fugitives

Women and petty men have been called difficult to nourish since antiquity. If they steal and flee, it is the same as betraying one's master, and the law is difficult to forgive.

In the divination of capturing fugitives, if the World overcomes the Responding, pursuit is easy; if the Responding is Void, it is an escape into deep ravines; if the Responding overcomes the World, the fugitive has retreated to a corner and escaped; with Six Clash, one misses them at arm's length; if the World is Void, one's feet are bound and one does not advance. If any one of these four (Six Clash, World Void, Responding Void, Responding overcoming World) is violated, it is unknown whether capture will succeed. If not one of the four is violated, then capture is possible.

The fugitive betrays what is inward and goes outward, so take the outer hexagram as the direction of flight:

If all six lines are quiet, seek the outer hexagram; if one line alone moves, seek that solely moving line — for it speaks of the fugitive's heart forming plans there.

The appearance of the solely moving line approaching the Six Relatives and Six Spirits:

If the hexagram lines are confusedly moving, seek in which palace the Apparent line resides; if the Apparent is mixed, seek in which hexagram the Apparent line resides; if the Apparent is hidden (伏), seek the direction of the Flying Spirit (飞神); if the Apparent appears twice (二现), seek the closer relation; if hidden and absent, seek the Responding line.

The World is the lost one; the Responding is the one who is lost; the inner is the lost; the outer is the flight. One cannot take only one; both may be combined.

For the flight of relatives, focus exclusively on the Apparent line (Six Relatives); for the flight of others, focus exclusively on the Responding line. Fathers and sons, brothers, husbands and wives are bound by kinship — though they violate kinship, one still seeks the Apparent; friends, teachers and apprentices, servants and neighbors are bound by righteousness — having abandoned righteousness, one seeks the Responding. This must not be confused.

Sometimes one encounters the fugitive on the road — that is Six Clash; sometimes one captures unexpectedly — that is Six Union; sometimes the fugitive returns on their own — that is Returning Soul; sometimes one goes long and then returns — that is transforming into Union (化合); sometimes one comes and then leaves again — that is transforming into Clash; the wanderer who returns has gathered their heart, the one who returns and wanders again has scattered their will. Nevertheless, this is only possible if the Apparent Spirit does not overcome the World and is not Void or deceased.

Casting whether the fugitive is at a certain place: focus exclusively on the Apparent line. If the Apparent is moved or clashed, the person does not stay in that place; if the Apparent is Void or Broken, the person has not yet reached that direction — do not go seek there.

Casting when the capture will be accomplished: the time when the World generates and overcomes the Responding (the time when the fugitive is subdued). If a relative has fled and will return, conversely take the time when the Apparent Spirit prospers and manifests, when the World line prospers and unites and appears, or when the hexagram body unites and one meets.

Is this person luring the escape: if the Responding overcomes the World, the fugitive is lured. Will the fugitive travel together with the other: if the Apparent and Responding are both present and compare, they travel together.

A thief who escapes is not pursued: the Wealth line having lost its place means it cannot be recovered.

Litigation over an escaped thief is beneficial: the Officer Ghost must not be absent. For Void or Scatter does not serve me in pursuit; Break or Exhaustion means the matter ends and stops; Following Tomb, Aiding Injury, and Officer overcoming World are like carrying firewood to extinguish a fire. Only when these are absent does one then judge by the method of capturing fugitives.

If one promises to seek for me: speak of the Responding symbol's Void and Substantial. If one charges another to seek the fugitive, use the method of capturing fugitives.

Has a woman who fled lost her chastity: if Wealth is substantial, there has been no wantonness.

Will the fugitive not join a gang and turn to retaliate: with Following Tomb, Aiding Injury, Officer overcoming, or Ghost moving, the fugitive will afterward suffer harm.

Will there be no secret injury: where Aiding Ghost injures the body and the Responding overcomes the World, in the end there will be the rebellion of subordinates slaying their superiors or of juniors harming their elders.

Before fleeing, casting whether the person will flee: if the Apparent overcomes the World, rebellious thoughts sprout; if the Apparent is Void or Broken, there is no actual deed.

For a relative who has fled, casting whether they are safe: with Life Tomb and Ghost moving, there is grief of exhaustion at the end of the road; if the Apparent is substantial and the hexagram is calm, there is the goodness of safe lodging without worry. For casting their survival, judge solely by the Apparent Spirit being generated or broken.

Will the fugitive become a monk or Daoist: if the Apparent is sick, there is no accomplishment. Seeking fame or profit: if the Apparent is substantial, there is gain. One who does not seek to return of their own accord: if the Apparent is broken, the person forgets to return; if the Apparent overcomes the World, it is a lifelong rebellion.

Upon return, whether the fugitive will stay again is like hiring and keeping; turning the heart and kindly harboring is like employing people.

Thus, for capturing fugitives, the World overcoming the Responding is the main method, and capture is obtained at the time when the World generates and overcomes the Responding. For capturing thieves, the Offspring overcoming the Officer is the method, and capture is obtained when the Offspring is at Sun or Moon positions. For flight takes the Responding as its symbol, and theft takes the Ghost as its symbol — this must be distinguished.

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Chapter 81: Combat and Victory

Private combat and contests of victory are cautioned against by the good, though sometimes one must respond unavoidably. The momentum of self and other rests solely on World and Responding, not on the Six Relatives — when matters reach litigation and combat, even flesh and bone become as enemies; all Six Relatives are subsumed under World and Responding.

If the Responding overcomes the World and meets defeat, the other prevails but is broken (that side suffers injury); if the World overcomes the Responding and meets defeat, I prevail but lose (I too suffer losses); if the Responding generates the World, the other submits (the opponent concedes); if the World generates the Responding, I yield (I show weakness); harmony and equality release both sides, neither injuring the other. For raising armies, the same principle applies.

Defeat (败) means Void, Break, Scatter, Exhaustion, and being overcome or restrained by Sun and Month.

If combat leads to litigation: the Ghost line governs. If combat brings gains: the Wealth line distinguishes. If combat to seize another: the Responding, when overcome, is hard to escape. If combat to capture another: when the Apparent appears, capture is possible.

Casting whether the other will come to fight: if the Responding is Void or Broken, the other does not advance. Casting which day is favorable for combat: when the World generates and the Responding is overcome, victory is obtained.

If the Responding moves in the fifth line, there is an ambush on the road (when the Responding moves in the fifth line, one is intercepted mid-way); if the Responding moves in the third line, combat is at the gate. When the Responding moves: in the first line, among fellow villagers; in the sixth line, in the open countryside; in the second line, within the courtyard; in the fourth line, outside the gate.

If movement is in Kan, combat is by the marsh shore 🌊; if in Li, combat is in the marketplace 🔥; Qian and Dui are temples; Kun and Gen are mountains and wilds ⛰; Zhen and Xun are beneath forests and trees.

Black Tortoise is the hidden dagger; Vermilion Bird, the open quarrel; Azure Dragon, the plan of the smiling knife; White Tiger, the seizure of the angry lance; Hook Snake, the binding of enmity; Flying Snake, the joining of factions.

Offspring brings help from the young; Parent brings followers of the aged; Sibling acts in troops and bands; Wealth acts through women; Officer Ghost acts through the deception of arts and crafts.

Weapons are to be used only when unavoidable — how much more so for quarrels among neighbors? Let the diviner be cautious.

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Chapter 82: Litigation

When the human heart is blocked and stifled, anger leads to litigation. Litigation subjects one to the authority of superiors, so the Officer line's generation and overcoming determine victory and defeat — not the strength of World and Responding in distinguishing right and wrong.

If the Officer comes to generate the World, my grievance is easily cleared; if the Ghost comes to overcome the World, my grievance is hard to redress; if neither generation nor overcoming, there is neither disgrace nor honor.

If I initiate the lawsuit, delight in the Officer prospering and substantial, and avoid when it is Broken or Void; if the other sues me, then favor Ghost Broken or Void and dislike prosperous and substantial. One also consults the generation and overcoming.

For the first mover (one who first initiates the lawsuit), one does not worry about the Officer being in the World, but delights in the Officer being in the Responding; for the latter mover (one who responds to the lawsuit), one does not delight in the Officer being in the Responding, but worries about the Officer being in the World. Mutual generation is especially auspicious; mutual overcoming is increasingly fierce. This is the distinction of generation and overcoming between World and Responding.

If the Officer Ghost generates the Responding, that side holds principle; if the Officer Ghost overcomes the Responding, that side loses ground; if the Officer Ghost is Void or Scattered, the lawsuit is not established; if it is Broken or Exhausted, the pleadings do not conclude; if the Officer generates both World and Responding, there is leniency for both; if the Officer overcomes both, there is the disgrace of both defeated.

If the Ghost is at the Three Transmissions (three phases: year, month, day), the matter reaches the censorate (higher courts); if the Officer stirs in the two interval lines, the circumstances involve entanglement of others.

If the Officer encounters Eternal Life (长生), it is a litigation of years; Imperial Prosperity (帝旺) is the time of judgment. A moving Ghost transforming into a Ghost means the case changes hands multiple times; officer above and officer below mean multiple yamen offices.

If the Officer moves amid World and Responding, the rage is not yet spent; if the Ghost is hidden amid host and guest, the root of litigation does not extinguish. Transforming into Advancing Spirit means from below to above, from small to great; transforming into Retreating Spirit means from urgent to slow, from heavy to light.

Da Zhuang (大壮) is the hexagram of holding principle; Ming Yi (明夷) is the hexagram of prohibition and restraint; Kan (坎) is the symbol of prison — regardless of generation or overcoming, it is taboo in litigation divination.

Six Clash is called battle — obtaining the Officer Void dissolves it like ice; Six Union is called harmony and reconciliation — seeing the Officer prosperous entangles one like vines.

Following the Officer into the Tomb (随官入墓) is the punishment of shackles and fetters; Aiding Ghost to Injure the Body (助鬼伤身) is the disgrace of whipping and caning. These two, together with the Officer Ghost overcoming the World, are taboo in all matters involving the public service.

For bitter disputes among flesh and blood or rebellion between master and servant, the bonds of the Six Relatives are already severed, so one follows the Responding rather than the relatives. Nevertheless, once it has reached the court, one first discusses the Officer and then the Responding.

Offspring is the spirit of release — its holding the World is fortunate: what punishment can then be added? the nets and traps fall away by themselves. When the Offspring is at Double Movement, punishments and fines are abolished; when the Offspring is at Sun and Moon positions, grievances are cleared. What compares to such fortune?

The Parent is used for the complaint document and summons: it must not be broken, for if broken the official does not comply; it must not be doubled, for if doubled the pleading is inconsistent; it must not be破 (broken), for if broken there is no beginning; it must not be Void, for if Void there is no end. When I initiate, it should move; when the other initiates, it should be quiet.

Wealth is the spirit of bribery — its holding the World is fortunate: then sentiment prevails over principle and victory is secured. Only when Wealth moves is there the expense of bribery.

Sibling is the symbol of accomplice witnesses and entanglement: solely moving brings much expense; moving in the interval brings many people; holding the World brings interference of the crowd; moving in the Responding stirs schemes; overcoming the World brings the danger of private attack; stirring beside brings the discussion of public accusation. The Sibling has no benefit whatsoever in litigation.

Only the Officer Ghost is the Apparent Spirit of litigation — right and wrong, crooked and straight, award and denial, victory and defeat, all are governed by it. For lawsuits great and small, generation is auspicious and overcoming is fierce; this must not be overlooked.

The Six Spirits distinguish joy and anger according to the Officer Ghost's generation and overcoming:

• When the Officer comes to generate the World: though fierce, it is not fierce; White Tiger, Flying Snake, Heavenly Ox, and Hell are all not taboos
• When the Officer comes to overcome the World: Vermilion Bird is the repeated appeal (反复呈报), Hook Snake is the prison, White Tiger is the beating with rods, Flying Snake is the cangue and chains, Azure Dragon is the goodness of fine and redemption, Black Tortoise is the weight of detailed judgment, Heavenly Prison is the calamity of imprisonment, Post Horse is the transgression of banishment, Goat Blade / Sheep Knife (羊刃) is the lot of branding and exile

World and Responding examine the circumstances of self and other and cannot be completely disregarded:

• Responding Void: the other does not wish to contend, or is about to flee
• World Void: I do not wish to compete, or harbor fear
• Officer overcomes Responding and Responding is Void: like bending a bow to shoot a fish (labor in vain)
• Officer generates World and World is Void: like holding a fish basket to catch a wildcat (missing the opportunity)
• Responding Broken: the other suffers heaven-sent calamity
• World Broken: I mourn the entanglement of another's illness

On what day is judgment rendered: at the time when the Officer is at Sun or Moon. When does the case conclude: at the time when the Ghost enters Tomb or Exhaustion. On what day is victory distinguished: when World generates and the Responding is overcome, that is good. When is release granted: when the Offspring fills its position (填值), that is pardon.

If one asks which initiates litigation and its victory or defeat, fortune or misfortune, this also belongs to the Officer. For a complaint being accepted: delight in the Officer moving and being substantial, dislike Broken and Void. If the Officer overcomes the World, the accusation has no avenue; if the Parent line is Void or Broken, the approval is disappointing.

Fearing litigation's encroachment, the casting is the same as guarding and cautioning: only if the Officer does not stir, does not overcome the World, and does not encounter Following and Aiding — what harm can then be added? Even if the Responding overcomes the World, schemes have already ended.

For the merit of litigation lawyers, consult the Parent: when prosperous and substantial at Sun and Month, they skillfully move the writing of life and death; when moving and generating-supported, they can turn the brush of right and wrong. If it is Broken or Void altogether, how can victory be secured? With Following and Aiding or Officer overcoming, they injure themselves.

Witnesses, sureties, runners, and agents are all interpreted through the Responding line: the Responding overcoming the World is taboo; Break and Exhaustion mean disloyalty; Void and Scatter mean ineffort; Six Clash breeds betrayal; and Following-Aiding with Officer injury turns them into my own harm.

Whether the submitted report (呈报公文) is approved: if the Officer is sick, it is not approved; if the Officer moves, it is not accepted; with Six Clash, neither upper nor lower trust it. Whether the submitted report can be challenged: if the Officer overcomes the World, challenge is not possible; with Break or Exhaustion, the matter already ends; with Void or Scatter, it dissolves. Only when the Officer moves and is substantial can it be challenged.

Ceasing the case (停词) and delaying the case (遢讼): delight in the Officer's absence, dislike the Officer's presence. If the Ghost moves, one cannot stop or delay; if the Ghost overcomes, one cannot hold or turn back. Only when the Offspring moves and the Ghost is quiet does one receive the blessings of undisturbedness.

The old case being re-raised (旧案重提) is solely because of Aiding Ghost to Injure the Body; entanglement re-spreading is rooted in Following the Officer into the Tomb. One must guard against this.

Requesting the case file (调阅卷宗): the Document (Parent) is the Apparent symbol. With Break or Exhaustion, the request is not granted; with Void or Scatter, the file is not transferred; if the controlling line overcomes the World, both the request and the summons are denied.

For currying favor and entrusting connections (托关系说情), the aim is compliance: with Six Clash, the other's will is opposed and there may be anger; if the Officer overcomes, the ear is turned and there may be desires; if Void or Broken, the effort is powerless and meritless; if prosperous and generating, there is affection and intent. If entrusting a private person: the Responding must not be broken nor Six Clash; if it overcomes the World, there is harm without achievement.

Fearing imprisonment and reproach: if the Officer prospers and moves to overcome the World, it is unavoidable. Leaving prison or ending the case: both abhor the Officer line overcoming the World. To end the case, the Officer must not move; to leave prison, the Officer must not be absent. Seeking a relative's release from prison, also consider that the Apparent must be free from injury.

For remote summons of offenders: the matter is governed by the Officer, while also incorporating the method of capturing fugitives. For appealing to recover a marriage: it is also governed by the Officer, while guarding against the seizure of the marriage. For using litigation to obtain wealth: rely on the Officer's power, while also using the method of demanding debts. For using influence to escape corvée duty: rely on the Officer's power, while also using the other's aid. For petitioning to clear one's name: rely on the Officer's power, while also using my own attainment.

A great crime not ending in death lies in the Apparent Spirit being prosperous and substantial; a great calamity not being cut off lies in the host symbol (主象) being generated and supported. If one undertakes risky schemes to trap others, the ghosts and spirits are angered, and even if the Ghost is quiet and the lines peaceful, one should directly announce misfortune.

For an official in post implicated in an affair: the divination is divided between official and litigation duties. When in office and anxious about censure: ministry review and ministry deliberation follow one principle. For appealing within the local administrative system: private assessments use the Responding; once it becomes litigation, the Officer is used.

In general, the Apparent symbol within litigation does not depart from the Officer Ghost. The acceptance or rejection of the Officer Ghost is sought according to the matter:

• Action delights in Movement
• Rest delights in Stillness
• Avoidance delights in Void
• Resolution delights in Decay
• Conclusion delights in Exhaustion

When seeking the Officer's power on my behalf, it must not be absent; when fearing the Officer's harm to me, it must not be present. In every matter, the Officer injuring oneself is abhorred; in every instance, the Officer generating the World is favored. Use the symbols to shape the matter, match the matter with principle, and fortune or misfortune is obtained thereby.

Yet habitual litigation ruins a family and cannot be prolonged. The Yi says, "Do not prolong what is done" — the sage's warning is profound indeed.

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Chapter 83: Lost Property

In the divination of lost property, each case is distinguished by its Apparent Symbol (用象):

For casting about a thief, examine the Ghost symbol: the Hidden Ghost is the secret thief; the Moving Ghost is the open thief. A Yang line is a male thief; a Yin line is a female thief; the inner trigram points to an inner thief; the outer trigram to an outer thief. Hidden Movement means a hidden person openly leaving; Prosperity means many thieves; Decay means few; Completeness means clever; Deficiency means clumsy. If inner and outer Ghosts connect, or World and Responding Ghosts communicate, the theft is collusive.

Judge the circumstances by the Five Elements classification:

• Metal Ghost: entered by chiseling and climbing
• Wood Ghost: entered by digging, squeezing, and drilling
• Fire Ghost: came flying and leaping 🔥
• Water Ghost: arrived hidden and obscure 🌊
• Earth Ghost: mixed with wine feasts, hiding near ponds and pools to steal

Use the Eight Palaces of the Ghost to distinguish its direction: whichever palace it moves in, from that direction it comes. If the Ghost line is quiet, then the Water Ghost is from the north, and the Fire Ghost from the south; with two Ghosts, discuss the outer trigram; with the Hidden Ghost, discuss the direction of the Flying Spirit. The direction that generates the Ghost is where the stolen goods are cached; where the Wealth is hidden is the place of concealment.

Use the Six Spirits' domains to distinguish appearance:

When will exposure occur: at the time when the Ghost line is Defeated or Exhausted. On which day will recovery occur: at the moment when the Wealth line generates and prospers.

Where is the object concealed: examine the direction. If the Apparent is Hidden, examine the direction of the flying line; if the Apparent is Flying, examine the direction of the original palace; if the Apparent is in the Transformation (悔) line, examine the direction of the moving line; if the Apparent appears twice, examine the host line (World line, hexagram body, World body, inner trigram as primary).

Divide the places by the six positions:

If it transforms into Parent or changes to Parent, or the flying line is Parent, search in trunks and cabinets; if it is Wealth, search among goods and merchandise; if it is Sibling, search in walls and enclosures; if it is Ghost, search among incense and shrines; if it is Offspring, search in corridors, side halls, convents, and temples.

Did that person steal it: if the Responding overcomes the World, then yes. Was it my own loss: if the World is decayed and defeated, it was cast away by myself.

For recovering the goods and capturing the thief: if the Offspring is prosperous and controlling (能克鬼), success follows; Ghost movement is fierce; with Aiding Injury, Officer overcoming the World, or Following Tomb, the thief is hostile and retaliates.

For reporting to the court to demand restoration: make use of the Ghost. If the Officer generates the World, one's cause is just; if the Officer is sick, Wealth is Void, and the Officer overcomes the World, then one labors in vain and brings shame upon oneself.

The Yi says, "Negligent concealment teaches thieves" — beating the rattle for nightly vigilance attains strictness; the noble person values preventive caution before the event.

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🧠 Deep Understanding

Core Concepts 💡

Volume Nine of Yi Mao covers eight major divination domains: travel, the traveler, boats and carriages, works and construction, capturing fugitives, combat and victory, litigation, and lost property. The core principles are:

1. The Officer Ghost as the Chief Taboo: In the vast majority of "danger-involving" matters (travel, boats and carriages, river works, thief-catching, combat and litigation), the Officer Ghost represents calamity, danger, legal trouble, and obstruction. Whenever the Ghost line moves, prospers, or overcomes the World, this is an ominous sign. Conversely, Ghost stillness, Ghost Void, and Ghost decay are auspicious.

   "Whenever a single Ghost stirs, it corresponds to a single calamity" — in a single hexagram, each stirring of an Officer Ghost heralds a distinct calamity. This is the most central criterion throughout the entire volume.

2. A Clearly Distinguished Apparent Symbol System: Different affairs require different Apparent Spirits:

   • Travel focuses on the World line (oneself)
   • The Traveler on the Apparent symbol (Six Relatives or the Responding line)
   • Boats and carriages on the Parent (the vessel itself) and the Offspring (horses and mules)
   • Works and construction on the Parent (dikes and embankments)
   • Capturing fugitives on the Responding line (the fugitive)
   • Combat and victory on the World and Responding (both sides)
   • Litigation on the Officer Ghost (official verdict and authority)
   • Lost property on the Wealth line/Apparent category (the asset)

3. The Dialectical Relationship of World and Responding: In most determinations, World is the self and Responding is the other. If World overcomes Responding, I control the other; if Responding overcomes World, the other controls me. Litigation differs — there, the Officer Ghost leads, and World and Responding are subordinate.

4. The Four Great Taboos: Void, Break, Scatter, and Exhaustion: When the Apparent Spirit, World line, or Responding line meet Void, Break, Scatter, or Exhaustion, they signal adversity in nearly all determinations. Any line carrying any of these four maladies loses its function.

5. Movement Brings Change, Stillness Carries Constancy: Moving lines govern change, speed, and manifestation; quiet lines govern normalcy, delay, and concealment. Among movements, transformation into Advancing Spirit accelerates progress, while transformation into Retreating Spirit signals regression and delay. Hidden movement lies between manifestation and concealment, governing quiet germination and thoughts already kindled.

Modern Interpretation 🌟

Though these divination methods originate from ancient life scenarios, the decision-making frameworks behind them still offer insight in modern times:

1. The Travel Chapter is fundamentally a risk assessment system. Transposing it into modern terms: the Officer Ghost functions like a "risk indicator"; the Five Elements correspond to different categories of risk sources (Water = water transportation dangers, Fire = fire and explosion, Metal = tool injuries/machinery accidents, Wood = vehicle collisions, Earth = ground obstacles/construction accidents); the Six Spirits correspond to different natures of risk (Black Tortoise = theft and fraud, Vermilion Bird = disputes and litigation, White Tiger = violent injury, Flying Snake = panic and shock); the hexagram positions correspond to the geographical context of risks (Qian = metropolis, Kun = hinterlands, Gen = mountain areas, Dui = entertainment venues). This taxonomy parallels the modern framework of risk identification, risk assessment, and risk response in risk management.

2. The Traveler Chapter's delay-judgment system demonstrates a systematic approach to "uncertainty" in times when communication channels were blocked. The waxing, waning, movement, and stillness of the Apparent line effectively constructs a comprehensive model of "human subjective initiative" and "objective constraints." In our modern era of instant telecommunications, divining a traveler's return may seem obsolete — yet the underlying logic of decomposing complex uncertainty into analyzable dimensions remains instructive.

3. The Litigation Chapter's great emphasis on the Officer Ghost mirrors the decisive role of "official/state will" in ancient judicial systems. In modern society founded on the rule of law, verdicts depend primarily on evidence and law; yet the systemic force, power interventions, and institutional leverage symbolized by the "Officer Ghost" still feature in contemporary legal practice. An "Officer generating the World" roughly equates to judicial resources slanting in one's favor, while an "Officer overcoming the World" cautions about one's structural disadvantages within institutional environments.

4. The Capturing Fugitives Chapter manifests ancients' intense sensitivity to the correspondence between spatial directions and human behavioral patterns. Mapping direction with the outer trigram, site with the six line positions, and societal types with the Six Spirits fundamentally reduces the search space with typicalty-based thinking — parallel in spirit to modern criminal profiling.

5. The Lost Property Chapter matches property types with Apparent symbols (money→Wealth, animals→Offspring, clothing/books→Parent) — classification-based retrieval thinking. The elaboration of "Hidden Apparent requires examining the flying line; a flying Apparent requires examining its original palace" creates a multilayered intelligence-trajectory triangulation.

Practical Value ⚡

These systems we can apply to modern life through several perspectives:

1. A travel decision checklist:

   • Before departure, inspect the "risk dimensions" — whether transport choices correspond to their elemental correspondences (for water journeys, "Water Ghost" movement signals danger)
   • Translating "Ghost moving" to modern speech is "security risk exists — such as traffic accident likelihood in some region, local policing effectiveness, natural hazard exposure"
   • A reference frame, of risk classes and insurance/policy equivalents: Black Tortoise→property insurance, White Tiger→personal accident insurance, Vermilion Bird→legal liability/fee risks, Flying Snake→psychological and acute stress risk

2. Construction and environmental forethought (Chapter 79 ):

   • Cast for engineering works across two distinct dimensions — physical quality of the works (Parent line), and the condition and status of the construction manager/workforce (World line relative to the Officer)
   • "Officer Ghost overcomes World" is amenable to contemporary terms: regulators' "special inspections / suspension or business-stoppage orders, safety penalties enforced."

3. Managing conflict and disputes (Chapters Combat and Litigation ):

   • Combat analyses of World and Responding powers recommend appraisal not simply by "who is stronger" but test for reciprocal attrition — "If the Responding overcomes the World, but encountered defeat, the victory is a Pyrrhic victory." The same systemic patterns appear living in Game Theory interpretations.
   • The Litigation "genes" (line one) for strategic choices toward private mediation or ADR; their "Unruly/evil Ghost weakens, that space favors judicial solution." Private mediation here as such through Offspring presenting the "Self-shift" dynamic born of neutralizing auspices: central to benign practical diagnoses.

4. Investigation-oriented ways for casualties/chattel (Chapters Traveler and Lost Object):

   • Identical and differing location-pinning strategies apply in modern data analytics contexts — across broader “vertical-and-hierarchical” queries: begin from massive typologies inferred & final discrete zones—systematically scanning hierarchically after logically sweeping type and action.
   • Chapter Traveler parallel clues: find out through partially present “messengers,” proxies, go-betweens (using Apparent-as-face plus complementary line from relative-lost place — “The unshown underlying seek needs associated parties.”

Philosophical Contemplation 🤔

Deeply anchoring back to early-yield metaphysical weavings of Yijing:

1. The ratio underlying “Best first — disengage danger/… prioritize broad. In Expedition (on carts/Boats/Shu), other choice phases rank prior objective established: “When seeking some result, seek unwounded prerequisite.” And pre-thrifty sequence: In phrase “First seek no-hvmt for this enterprise object sought” (“First enter principle; first confirmity”: risk absolute ≥ assets (“Gains,” thus also profits) prioritization... Harm sequence mapped after any accounting, contrastably parallel to modern financial — return from entry safe-timezone frontier of risk pre-scope zero-to-no. Setting deep-boutt: mapping ‘Kan as central flood-core’ symbolism as which manifests bequest... water-oath among flood-yin/yī dark valleys birthed safe settlements alongside vital…

2. Bifurcation = dual-track measurement: Always produce in single questions: double base factor (“indicator desired-event”) ** + fixed coordinate restraint-g …**: Each time index-set having needs three marks– three assessment boundaries to approximate desired-safe… but boundary-object “destiny” occurs... Multi-frame discipline mirrors cosmology built 阴阳-balance: as-effic logical ground mutually-carry/turning.”

3. Ethical-philosophical “world-response-use...” Relations-bridge through direct-and-indirect triple… and interplay… [“All that Exists coalesce into positional harmonides making each-bound events; the network of means generated from ground-of-being… consistent-with process foundational inside which shape fields.”]

4.; ‘Dynamic-cross static-sh..’ Yet— static moving as implicit-latch … event-example via "f-force entering=compel guests… waiting rule. … direct ‘st-m-bif yiel continuous within-app? core parsimonious! encoded lines = only-bool-qual visible essence operating inside yielding pulse!! Still line meets flash-ch’ … deepest-embedded move-science transmutable…

1. Coordinates for numeric yet interpreting “Image-procedure-layed-out foundation method”: layer toward castings = Yi core combined: through orientation-as-image, position-shape-number, reasoning-through-thru structures + practice action-leading→ with-and-forward whole integrated architecture: when catch-base section encoded within Rule-et… closing that … (“No-accelerators ultimate as necessary for conscious— after-latches opening…) ends-y-Value in recognition-respon → to red-pag- un … voluntary self-shaping direction front— shaping this core of later-surgery transformative Practice-in-mot!

6 from “Relativity-under-ET “S”…,Differentiation-its-social-matters schema: household distinct uses track relational… Among extremities arising, whether or how close-ones shift obligations and field-separates kinship obligation from adversarial definitions→ alignment underscores *difference-ladder - orientation boundary=shape-not-bond-torn but domain…

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📚 Related Reference Knowledge

Background Connections

Section glossing some standard keywords and matrices used above:

Reversed; certain identity-park mapping sub-checks---

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• Title mapping of the current*class spirit-technical flow — forward-road core must master!!…”

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Appendix… {translate appendix if you mean the multiple chinese glossary etc. }**: tables-multi…

原文（正文、表格内容）以外的局部未译名词按前述处理

英文呈现 尽量自然典-… 卷九整体 "Yì Mào scroll 9 ( 《易冒卷之九》· translittera;.)*

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Extended Readings…

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… “Pendu-memes ...” *

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Contemporary Field Explorations

: We repeat current academic entrance:…

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…Attaching finalized:
…"Complete Volume (卷之九 — sub-Chinese sentence inserted vs “全英; Done-translated!” with chart cross..)

(All sub-labeled table dictionary interplay stated and gl-ar textual cross; title of remainder equal)

Where footnote only: choose bilingual book-label references — but final consistent

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