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Chapter 2 of 13
六壬大全
This volume serves as the foundational compendium of Liu Ren divination methodology, systematically explaining how to derive the Heaven-and-Earth Plate, Four Lessons (Si Ke), and Three Transmissions (San Chuan) from the Year, Month, Day, and Hour, accompanied by judgment principles involving Spirit-Shares (Shen Sha), Virtues (De), Combinations (He), Ghosts (Gui), Tombs (Mu), and other categories. The entire volume is organized around mnemonic verses, with the core workflow being:
The key to this volume lies in: **First establish the Three Transmissions, then examine the Spirit-Shares, and finally weigh fortune or misfortune using the Zong Qian principles of Virtue, Combination, Ghost, Tomb, etc. ** It is not simply a matter of memorizing formulas; rather, one must repeatedly compare and contrast relationships within specific lesson patterns to arrive at a complete judgment.
Formula for Housing the Ten Heavenly Stems:
The Stem Jia is housed in the branch Yin; the Stem Yi is housed in Chen; Bing and Wu are both housed in Si—no further elaboration needed; Ding and Ji are housed in Wei; Geng is housed in Shen; Xin is housed in Xu; Ren is housed in Hai; Gui is housed in Chou. The four "cardinal" positions—Zi, Wu, Mao, and You—do not house any Heavenly Stem.
This is the cornerstone of Liu Ren chart construction. Heavenly Stems, having no fixed Earthly Branch palace of their own, must be "housed" in branches to integrate with the Heaven-and-Earth Plate. The Ten Stems avoid Zi, Wu, Mao, and You because these four cardinal points mark the boundaries of Yin and Yang and the apex of vital energy, unsuitable for harboring stems.
For memorization, one can grasp the pattern:
| Heavenly Stem | Housed Branch | Heavenly Stem | Housed Branch |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jia | Yin | Yi | Chen |
| Bing | Si | Ding | Wei |
| Wu | Si | Ji | Wei |
| Geng | Shen | Xin | Xu |
| Ren | Hai | Gui | Chou |
🔹 Practical Value: The "Stem-Housing" directly determines the positions of the Upper Spirits of the Day Stem and Day Branch in the Four Lessons. If you misremember the housing position, the Three Transmissions will all be incorrect. Beginners should first memorize this chart thoroughly, then use supplementary memory aids such as "Yang stems house at the Lu position; Yin stems house one place before the Lu."
Liu Ren has a strict sequence for establishing the Three Transmissions: first look for Direct Subjugation (Ke), then Remote Subjugation (Yao Ke), then Mao Xing, Bie Ze, Ba Zhuan, Fu Yin, and Fan Yin. The following is a sequential translation.
Lower overcomes Upper: called Zhong Shen (Careful Review); Upper overcomes Lower: called Yuan Shou (Sovereign Head).
To establish the lesson, first seek the lower subjugating the upper— If none, then take the upper subjugating the lower as the Initial. Upon the Initial Transmission's Upper Spirit lies the Middle; Attached above the Middle is where the Final resides. With the Three Transmissions fixed, match the Generals of the Heavenly Plate— This is the first method of entering the procedure.
Paraphrase:
Within the Four Lessons, first seek the "lower conquers upper" relationship (Zei Ke). If such a relationship exists, the lesson is named "Zhong Shen" (Careful Review). If no lower-conquers-upper exists, then seek "upper conquers lower," which names the lesson "Yuan Shou" (Sovereign Head). Take the Upper Spirit of the Initial Transmission as the Middle, and the Upper Spirit of the Middle as the Final. Once the Three Transmissions are established and matched with the Generals from the Heavenly Plate, this is the first method of formal procedure.
🔹 Key Points:
Also known as Zhi Yi (Knowing the One).
When two, three, or four lower-upper subjugations encroach—
Or when upper conquers lower, says the same.
Always use the Spirit comparable to the Day Stem:
Yang days use Yang, Yin days use Yin.
If all are comparable or none are comparable,
The method of She Hai (Crossing Harms) is separately employed.
Paraphrase:
If multiple lower-conquers-upper or upper-conquers-lower relationships appear among the Four Lessons—whether two, three, or four—use the "Bi Yong" method. Select the Spirit whose Yin-Yang nature matches the Day Stem as the Initial Transmission. Yang days select Yang spirits; Yin days select Yin spirits. If several spirits all match by comparison, or none match, then transition to the "She Hai" (Crossing Harms) method.
🔹 Key Points:
The essence of "Bi Yong" (Comparative Use) is to seek the one sharing the same vital energy with "me." Yang stems pair with Yang branches; Yin stems pair with Yin branches; those that do not match are excluded. In modern terms: When multiple conflicts coexist, prioritize the factor that is most aligned in nature with the subject and has the greatest affinity as the primary thread.
Crossing Harms proceeds until returning to the origin.
Where more harms are encountered along the way, that one is taken for use.
Meng (First Month) is deepest, Zhong (Middle Month) shallower, Ji (Seasonal Month) should rest.
If still equal, soft Chen (Branch) for Yin days, firm (Stem) for Yang days—the rule is apt.
Paraphrase:
Take the spirits that passed initial selection and trace each back from its placement palace to its origin (housing branch), counting along the way the harms and subjugations endured. The one suffering the most subjugations becomes the Initial Transmission. If the depth of harms is equal, examine whether the placement is in one of the Four Meng (SI Meng: Yin, Si, Shen, Hai), Four Zhong (Zi, Wu, Mao, You), or Four Ji (Chen, Xu, Chou, Wei). Meng is deepest, Zhong shallower, Ji weakest. If still equal, for Yin days take the Upper Spirit of the Branch (Chen), for Yang days take the Upper Spirit of the Day (Stem).
[Translator's note: The last phrase "firm to Stem, soft to Branch, the rule is apt" is an abbreviated expression traditionally interpreted as: for Yin days select the Upper Spirit of the Branch; for Yang days select the Upper Spirit of the Day Stem.]
🔹 Key Points:
The She Hai method is used when, after "Bi Yong," a single spirit still cannot be uniquely determined. It ranks candidates by degree of "suffering." It embodies a cost-priority principle: when faced with multiple viable but fully prejudiced options, that which has already endured the most obstacles tends to manifest first.
Spirit remotely subjugates the Day: called Hao Shi (Artemisia Arrow).
Day remotely subjugates Spirit: called Tan She (Slingshot).
Four Lessons without direct subjugation are called Yao (Remote).
Day and Spirit mutually summon each other across the distance.
First take Spirit remotely subjugating the Day;
If none, then take Day remotely subjugating the Spirit.
Or if the Day subjugates two spirits,
Or two spirits come to subjugate the Day,
Select the one comparable to the Day Stem for use:
Yang days use Yang, Yin days use Yin.
Paraphrase:
When there is no direct subjugation between the upper and lower within the Four Lessons, but "cross-removed subjugation" exists:
🔹 Key Points:
"Yao Ke" symbolizes distant influence. Hao Shi is like an arrow from afar, light because of distance; Tan She is like discharging outward, active but with insufficient force. Whenever the Yao Ke method applies, matters tend to involve indirectness and external intervention.
No Yao, no Ke—Mao Xing is the last resort.
Yang looks upward, Yin downward; from the You position the Initial is discussed.
Firm days: Branch first, then Day [for Middle and Final].
Soft days: Day first, then Branch [for Middle and Final].
Paraphrase:
When the Four Lessons yield neither subjugation nor remote subjugation, only the "Mao Xing" method remains. For Yang days, take the spirit above the You palace as the Initial Transmission—called "Yang Yang" is complete mastery. Feng Shou's method derives from the "Yang Side Upward" derived below:"Yang takes first the Sun and sets, Shang Yang Shang presents": called "Yang Yang Ascends." (Translator's note: Traditionally interpreted as the method separating those whose upper spirit goes up with the associated positioning" For Maoyang rises when deriving whether ascendant vs. "阳" means "Look up upward gaze the When chants Yao for its own" original reads "阳仰阴俯"："Yang yang lifts the eye."）For Mao Yang looks upward，Yin in You branch position takes spiritual overhead’s hidden Down，"若阴则俯。"）That is, for Yang days，borrow Heavenly Spirits **in Positions each from over Starting From." Please note these channels standard output。
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Neither lasting nor striking—Bie Ze is the example.
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