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Capítulo 15 de 28
濒湖脉学
Pulse Characteristics
The relaxed pulse (pulse that arrives gentle and even, approximately four beats per breath) is yin in nature. Its pulsation is slightly faster than the slow pulse (less than four beats per breath), normally about four beats per breath—that is, four beats per inhalation and exhalation cycle. Dr. Dai described it: like a silk thread on a loom, not tightening around the axis, feeling gentle and even upon pressure. Zhang Taisu described it as young willow branches dancing in the early spring breeze; Yang Xuanhe described it as a gentle breeze brushing the tips of willow branches.
Normal Pulse and Stomach Qi
The relaxed pulse corresponds to the Kūn trigram in the Eight Trigrams, to the four seasons (the seasonal months, governed by Earth) in time, and to the spleen in the human body. The cun position is yang, the chi position is yin; upper and lower pulses are equal, floating and soft, without any excess, and this is a normal healthy pulse. If it appears outside its corresponding season, there is illness. When the pulse comes relaxed and even, neither floating nor sinking, neither rapid nor slow, neither faint—it is then a manifestation of stomach qi (the gentle, vital energy arising from spleen and stomach transformation). Du Guangting said: "If you wish to know where the time of death is drawn, the ancients fixed five kinds of Earth for prognostication; Yang Earth must not meet Yin, and when Yin Earth meets Yin, examine carefully." See the Yùhán Jīng for details.
Form Poem
The relaxed pulse is gentle, four beats per breath and unobstructed; Like willow tips swaying lightly in the breeze. To seek the spirit (the fundamental vitality of life activities) within the pulse, The key lies in being composed and unhurried.
Comparison Poem
See the chapter on the slow pulse.
Indications Poem
The relaxed pulse indicates decline of nutritive qi (essential bodily fluids moving within the vessels) and relative excess of defensive qi (the qi that stands guard outside the vessels), or may be related to wind, dampness, and spleen deficiency. Above, it may manifest as stiff neck; below, as withering and bi-pain in the limbs. One must distinguish by examining floating, sinking, large, small, etc.
Floating and relaxed indicates wind, sinking and relaxed indicates dampness, relaxed and large indicates wind deficiency, relaxed and fine indicates damp bi, relaxed and rough (sè) indicates a thin/weak spleen, relaxed and weak indicates qi deficiency. Li Shizhen criticized the Mài Jué (Pulse Formula) for claims such as "the relaxed pulse indicates spleen heat with foul breath, vomiting, toothache, and haunting by ghosts in dreams," calling them fabrications bearing no relation to the true meaning of the relaxed pulse.
The essential meaning of the relaxed pulse lies in being "harmonious and unhurried"—it is a sign of the pulse possessing stomach qi. Chinese medicine holds that the pulse values stomach qi; a gentle and even pulse reflects active and healthy spleen and stomach transformation above sources of qi and blood. When presenting in a normal season, the relaxed pulse is a healthy state; but if mingled with floating, sinking, large, fine, rough, weak qualities, then it shifts into a diagnostic pathology, indicating conditions of wind, dampness, or deficiency. This demonstrates a practice of "weighing the abnormal against the normal" and "integrating pulse patterns with clinical presentation."
At four beats per breath, this corresponds roughly to 60 to 70 beats per minute—close to the normal resting heart rate today. A description of regular rhythm and soft tension resembles normal sinus rhythm and good vascular elasticity. In pathological states, the relaxed pulse may somewhat overlap clinically with bradycardia, lowered metabolism, low vascular resistance, and water retention—but tradition categorizes underlying illness with a single pulse quality, which offers limited specificity and sensitivity compared with modern diagnosis, and cannot substitute physiological evaluation. In particular, claims like "relaxed pulse: splenic heat with halitosis" have been criticized already by Li Shizhen; ancient sphygmology itself worked to correct itself.
Nurturing stomach qi is fundamental for health. Pay attention in daily life to regular diet, avoiding prolonged hunger or glutting, minimizing raw diets, cold foods, and fat and grease. Cultivate equanimity to avoid long-term worry that influences the spleen. Keep regular routines and exercise moderately to promote smooth qi and blood flow. If you sense an irregular pattern or physical illness, seek medical attention—do not self-diagnose from your own impression of the pulse.
Pulse characteristics
The hollow pulse (floating—large, soft, with central void, peripheral solid presence) is yang containing yin. It is present when pulse floats—sometimes large, and overall-soft yet moderately sunken—exhibits empty tone over uniform compression (“floating wide, palm about a grain”) while encountering full body of vessels by localized pressure. When attempting feel prior medical model, descriptions exist: hollow-out scallion outer wall thick, outer supporting wall meat, sheathe clear inward, entering an incandescent cavity at w size-like rod depth around it absent space side wall of pericosal ling round between, scurs vary vary expression . Even similar approach across same position consistency reading mark.
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Características del pulso
El pulso hueco [Kōu] (flotante, grande y suave; centro vacío, bordes sólidos) pertenece al yang con yin. Se presenta flotante y grande, suave; al presionar, el centro está vacío y los dos lados están consistentes. El Mài Jīng dice: «vacío en el centro y sólido por fuera, con forma de cebollino» (el "kōu" es precisamente el cebollino). El Sùwèn no menciona este nombre. Liu Sandian dijo que el pulso kōu se parece muchísimo al cebollino; bajo el dedo forma una cavidad, tiene bordes pero carece de centro. Dai Tongfu dice: la energía nutritiva circula dentro de los vasos; el pulso tiene la sangre como forma; el pulso kōu con el centro vacío es indicio de pérdida de sangre. Mài Jīng: Tras palpación . En cuanto a tres porciones (cun, guan, chi), cuando el pulso kōu se mantiene: en un enfermo crónico sobrevivirá likely curso todavía favorable, mientras que en quien cae súbitamente no bueno pasar agudo tal signo mayor mortal pronóstico adverso see commentary historic better generalized medicina not interpret rígida.
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