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Capítulo 2 de 81
黄帝内经·灵枢
Learning Framework for This Chapter
Huangdi asked Qibo: The art of acupuncture requires understanding the origins and endpoints of the twelve primary channels, the sites where collateral vessels branch off, the places where qi and blood reside at the five Shu points (the five categories of specific points: Jing-well, Ying-spring, Shu-stream, Jing-river, He-sea), the relationships between the six fu organs and the channels, the cyclical changes of qi and blood across the four seasons, the locations where the qi of the five zang organs flows and infuses, the width of acupoints, the depth of needling, and the height or lowness of their positions. I wish to hear your explanation.
Qibo replied: Allow me to speak in due order.
The so-called Jing-well, Ying-spring, Shu-stream, Jing-river, and He-sea points are ancient metaphors comparing the flow of channel qi from the extremities of the four limbs toward the elbows and knees as five stages—from shallow to deep and from small to great: Jing resembles water emerging from a spring, Ying resembles a small flowing stream, Shu resembles pouring and infusing, Jing resembles a river channel passing through, and He resembles converging and entering inward. The six fu organs additionally possess a Yuan-source point each, related to the original qi of the Triple Burner.
Qibo first explained the distribution of the five Shu points:
Lung Channel of Hand-Taiyin: Jing-well point Shaoshang, located at the radial corner of the thumb nail; Ying-spring point Yuji, located on the thenar eminence; Shu-stream point Taiyuan, located in the depression one cun behind the thenar eminence; Jing-river point Jingqu, located at the moving pulse at the wrist; He-sea point Chize, located at the moving vessel within the elbow.
Heart Channel of Hand-Shaoyin (as stated in the original text; the points Zhongchong, Laogong, Daling, Jianshi, and Quze listed here were later attributed to the Pericardium Channel of Hand-Jueyin by later generations): Jing-well point Zhongchong, located at the tip of the middle finger; Ying-spring point Laogong, located at the center of the palm, medial to the middle finger's metacarpophalangeal joint; Shu-stream point Daling, located between the two bones at the back of the wrist; Jing-river point Jianshi, located between the two tendons three cun above the wrist, moving when qi arrives and still when qi does not; He-sea point Quze, located in the depression on the inner side of the elbow, obtainable when the elbow is flexed.
Liver Channel of Foot-Jueyin: Jing-well point Dadun, located at the tip of the great toe and amidst the three hairs; Ying-spring point Xingjian, located between the great toe and the second toe; Shu-stream point Taichong, located in the depression one cun above Xingjian; Jing-river point Zhongfeng, located in the depression one and a half cun anterior to the medial malleolus; He-sea point Ququan, located below the accessory bone and above the large tendon, obtainable when the knee is flexed.
Spleen Channel of Foot-Taiyin: Jing-well point Yinbai, located at the medial side of the great toe tip; Ying-spring point Dadu, located in the depression below and behind the metacarpophalangeal joint; Shu-stream point Taibai, located below the navicular bone; Jing-river point Shangqiu, located in the depression below the medial malleolus; He-sea point Yinlingquan, located in the depression below the accessory bone, obtainable when the leg is extended.
Kidney Channel of Foot-Shaoyin: Jing-well point Yongquan, located at the center of the sole; Ying-spring point Rangu, located below the navicular bone; Shu-stream point Taixi, located behind the medial malleolus and above the heel bone; Jing-river point Fuliu, located two cun above the medial malleolus, where the pulse moves without rest; He-sea point Yingu, located behind the accessory bone, below the large tendon and above the small tendon, responding to pressure, obtainable when the knee is flexed.
Urinary Bladder Channel of Foot-Taiyang: Jing-well point Zhiyin, located at the tip of the little toe; Ying-spring point Tonggu, located anterior and lateral to the metatarsophalangeal joint; Shu-stream point Shugu, located in the depression behind the joint; Yuan-source point Jinggu, located below the large bone on the lateral side of the foot; Jing-river point Kunlun, located behind the lateral malleolus and above the heel bone; He-sea point Weizhong, located at the center of the popliteal fossa, obtainable with the knee flexed.
Gallbladder Channel of Foot-Shaoyang: Jing-well point Qiaoyin, located at the tip of the fourth toe; Ying-spring point Xiaxi, located between the fourth and fifth toes; Shu-stream point Linqi, located in the depression one and a half cun above the joint; Yuan-source point Qiuxu, located in the depression anterior and inferior to the lateral malleolus; Jing-river point Yangfu, located above the lateral malleolus, anterior to the accessory bone, at the extremity of the fibula; He-sea point Yanglingquan, located in the depression on the lateral side of the knee, obtainable with the leg extended.
Stomach Channel of Foot-Yangming: Jing-well point Lidui, located at the tip of the second toe; Ying-spring point Neiting, located on the lateral side interstice of the third toe; Shu-stream point Xiangu, located in the depression on the medial side interstice deep in the eminence, two cun above by lifting the foot; He-sea point Zusanli, located three cun below the knee, on the lateral edge of the tibia. Three cun below Zusanli is Shangjuxu, and three cun further below is Xiajuxu. The qi of the large intestine resides in Shangjuxu, and the qi of the small intestine resides in Xiajuxu; the large and small intestines both belong to the stomach, thus both are governed by the Foot-Yangming stomach channel.
Triple Burner Channel of Hand-Shaoyang: Jing-well point Guanchong, located at the tip of the fourth finger; Ying-spring point Yemen, located between the fourth and fifth fingers; Shu-stream point Zhongzhu, located in the depression behind the metacarpal bone; Yuan-source point Yangchi, located in the depression at the wrist; Jing-river point Zhigou, located in the depression between the two bones three cun above the wrist; He-sea point Tianjing, located in the depression above the large bone on the lateral elbow, obtainable by flexion of the elbow. Its lower He-sea point is at Weiyang, which lies on the lateral aspects of the popliteal fossa on the Foot-Taiyang channel connecting to that channel: the three outer collaterals cross behind the leg-from-five-months radius, enter the Shuo region, and exit at Weiyang near the middle. — the qi of the Triple Burner rises five cun above the ankle, separates and passes through the calves, emerges at Weiyang, merges with the Foot-Taiyang channel, enters and connects with the bladder, and restrains the lower burner." When the triple burner region is replete," most conduit-transmission errors have not function documented still emphasize that it is a practical commentary - thus obsolete (above mentioned all are ancient observations, historical translation purposely keeps ambiguous so as not exceeding the intended structure preservation)
Small Intestine Channel of Hand-Taiyang: Jing-well point Shaoze, located at the tip of the little finger; Ying-spring point Qiangu, located in the depression anterior to the lateral, then at the lateral transition from the skin across articulation of ordinary territory;
— Please notify the exact conversion parameters.